Fraternity as forging unity of local societies in Anglo-Norman England

兄弟情谊促进了盎格鲁-诺曼英格兰当地社会的团结

基本信息

批准号：
09610389
负责人：
TSURUSHIMA Hirokazu
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Kumamoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is impossible to exaggerate the importance of the religious fraternity as an institution of intercession, which had an influence on European societies in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth centuries. This fraternity is a covenant (conventio) made between a monastery and another individual monastery, monk, priest, gild or lay person, for the salvation of one's soul through the prayer of the monks. In England its study, has been strangely neglected. In this research I am concerned with the fraternity of laymen with the monks after the Norman Conquest, and I have limited the discussion to the relationship between fraternity and land-grants at Ramsey Abbey, so that we may see here one aspect of local society.In the course of the ceremonial entrance into fraternity, land was granted to laymen. We should take into consideration a close relationship between the so-called feudal ties (the personal ties between abbot and man through the land-grant) and spiritual ties through the establishment of fraternity.The members of Ramsey Abbey's fraternity covered a wide range of social classes from noble families, minor noble families, shrieval families, local worthies, members of local English families, and even someone with a landed interest in London. The fraternity also included some local priests and even a parish.The content of the fraternity given by the monks differed between people according to their donation, status and power. In all cases, however, worldly ties and spiritual ties, or in other words, ties for the living and ties for the dead, got married in the fraternity covenant. This 'marriage' seems to have contributed to the solidarity of the lordship of Ramsey Abbey. We may also say that although the bond was vertical as between lord and man, the sense of sharing in prayers or burial places also gave a sense of unity to the members of the fraternity within their local community.

不可能夸大宗教兄弟会作为代祷机构的重要性，该机构对第十一个，第11和十二世纪的欧洲社会有影响。这种兄弟会是修道院和另一个单独的修道院，僧侣，牧师，吉尔德或外行人之间的盟约（女神），以通过僧侣的祈祷来拯救一个人的灵魂。在英格兰，其研究被奇怪地忽略了。在这项研究中，我关注诺曼（Norman）征服后与僧侣的兄弟会，我将讨论限制在拉姆西·阿比（Ramsey Abbey）在兄弟会和土地赠款之间的关系，以便我们在这里看到地方社会的一个方面。我们应该考虑所谓的封建关系（通过土地促销之间的个人联系与人之间的个人联系）与精神联系之间的关系。通过建立兄弟会。拉姆西·阿比（Ramsey Abbey）的兄弟会的成员涵盖了来自贵族家庭，少数贵族家庭，当地人，伦敦成员，甚至是土地成员，伦敦的成员，以及伦敦的成员，甚至是伦敦，甚至是土地成员，甚至是伦敦，涵盖了广泛的社会阶级，甚至是土地上。兄弟会还包括一些当地的牧师，甚至包括一个教区。僧侣根据人们的捐赠，地位和权力而在僧侣中给出的兄弟会的内容有所不同。然而，在所有情况下，世俗的联系和精神联系，换句话说，与死者的生命和关系联系，都结婚了。这种“婚姻”似乎促成了拉姆西修道院勋爵的团结。我们也可以说，尽管纽带在主与人之间是垂直的，但在祈祷或埋葬场所分享的感觉也使他们当地社区内的兄弟会成员具有团结感。