Democratic and Sustainable Personal Design and Fabrication through In-situ Co-Design and Previsualization

通过现场协同设计和预可视化进行民主和可持续的个人设计和制作

• 批准号: 525038300
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Enrico Rukzio
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Medieninformatik (MI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/525038300?language=en
• 关键词: Democratic; Sustainable; Personal; Design; Fabrication

Digital fabrication devices like 3D printers or CNC mills are becoming increasingly affordable and are seeing growing adoption across various types of technology enthusiasts. Manufacturing unique, highly personalized physical artifacts is within reach for a wide range of end-users: textiles, furniture, tools, art pieces, or toys can be tailored to fit unique requirements and fabricated. While the manufacturing capabilities are steadily improving, more progress is required in making the means for fabrication genuinely approachable and used by a variety of end-users. To achieve this adoption, it is necessary to research, develop, and evaluate the design tools of the future, which will make the interaction with fabrication devices not only more usable, but also inherently sustainable and genuinely useful for the general population. The status quo is grounded in a set of issues: personal fabrication technology demands learning and usage effort, offers little design support to end users, functions almost exclusively ex-situ (away from the location of use), and demands that users iterate their designs digitally and physically, leading to wasted effort and material. With this research project, we aim to contribute novel approaches that address these inherent issues. We focus on a set of highly relevant usage contexts and use cases where the widespread adoption of personal fabrication is bound to have a meaningful and positive impact: 1) hobbyist and artistic activities, where personal fabrication can augment expression and creativity, 2) repairs, where personal fabrication can support sustainable use of devices, and 3) highly individual design, where personal fabrication can allow any user to fulfill any requirement for a physical object. We focus on 3 core objectives that we consider through the lens of the aforementioned use cases: 1) the development of in-situ interactions to enable users to design for the fabrication of physical artifacts, 2) enabling early evaluation of designs prior to fabrication, and 3) the development of guidelines for emerging design tools, with respect to both interaction design and societal impact. We approach these objectives through an initial investigation of user requirements, followed by developing and evaluating design tools focused on in-situ tangible design, in-situ parametric design, and in-situ repairs. We will then aggregate the functionalities of the tools into a multipurpose design environment that serves the aforementioned use cases and address the fundamental challenges faced by personal fabrication. These developments are accompanied by the development of interaction design guidelines for approachable, sustainable, and democratized personal fabrication. With this research project, we will advance the state of the art regarding how we interact with and design for personal fabrication devices to democratize and embed them sustainably and meaningfully in everyday life.

3D 打印机或 CNC 铣床等数字制造设备的价格越来越便宜，并且越来越受到各类技术爱好者的青睐。制造独特的、高度个性化的物理制品对于广泛的最终用户来说是可以实现的：纺织品、家具、工具、艺术品或玩具可以根据独特的要求进行定制和制造。虽然制造能力正在稳步提高，但在使制造方法真正可供各种最终用户使用和使用方面还需要取得更多进展。为了实现这种采用，有必要研究、开发和评估未来的设计工具，这将使与制造设备的交互不仅更可用，而且本质上是可持续的，并且对普通大众真正有用。现状基于一系列问题：个人制造技术需要学习和使用工作，为最终用户提供的设计支持很少，功能几乎完全异位（远离使用位置），并要求用户迭代他们的设计数字化和物理化，导致精力和材料的浪费。通过这个研究项目，我们的目标是提供解决这些固有问题的新方法。我们专注于一组高度相关的使用环境和用例，其中个人制作的广泛采用必然会产生有意义和积极的影响：1）业余爱好者和艺术活动，其中个人制作可以增强表达和创造力，2）修复，个人制造可以支持设备的可持续使用，3）高度个性化设计，个人制造可以允许任何用户满足对物理对象的任何要求。我们重点关注通过上述用例考虑的 3 个核心目标：1）开发现场交互，使用户能够为物理工件的制造进行设计，2）在制造之前实现设计的早期评估， 3) 为新兴设计工具制定关于交互设计和社会影响的指南。我们通过对用户需求进行初步调查来实现这些目标，然后开发和评估专注于现场有形设计、现场参数化设计和现场修复的设计工具。然后，我们将这些工具的功能聚合到一个多用途设计环境中，该环境服务于上述用例并解决个人制造面临的基本挑战。这些发展伴随着交互设计指南的发展，以实现平易近人、可持续和民主化的个人制造。通过这个研究项目，我们将推进有关如何与个人制造设备交互和设计的最先进技术，以使其民主化并可持续且有意义地嵌入日常生活中。