Inappropriate uses of language in requesting discourses of foreign learners of Japanese language and the Japanese norms in the process of conversations

外国日语学习者请求话语时的不当用语及会话过程中的日语规范

基本信息

批准号：
08837010
负责人：
MURAKAMI Kyoko
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Wi investignted the morms which underlie in the requesting behavior of Japanese people through the nnnlysis of inappropriate oxpressions and unnatural flows in conversations of foreign learners of Japanese language. In order to find the variability in flows in the conversations, we constructed sevaral situations which demand requesting communications which differ in the following six aspects which are assumed in change the manner of communications in native Japanese speakers ; objects of request, relationships of obligations and roles between two persons, relationships of favors and benefits, cost of the communication, the possibility to be rejected, and the degree of the familiarity between two persons. Using these situations, we conducted survey and experimental research.In the survey research, 16 foreign learners of Japanese language and 28 native Japanese speakers constructed conversation scripts in which one person requested a favor to another in the given situations. While Script … More s written by native speakers share the common basic structure of the conversation flow which are changenble to the congruent to the implicit norm required by the features of the situation, foreign learners tend to adhere the fixed conversation pattern ignoring the differences of the norm.An experiment of doing conversations through the telephone in the real situntion was xonducted using the new samples consisting of 12 foreign learners and 12 native speakers. The single trained experimenter responded to all the subjects in the constant manner. Recorded conversations were transformed to the written form, and analyzed by CHILDES which is a software for the discourse analysis Japanese speakers also shared the common flexible structure of the conversation flow in this experimental lask. However, foreign learners showed unnatural expressions and timings of the utterance which makes the flow of the conversation inappropriate. Main reason for this inappropriateness is considered to be insufficient considerntions to situntions and partners which come from insufficient proficiency of the languago use and the "foreign language effect" ; the decrease of thinking ability when one was forced to uso a foreign language. Effect of norm consciousness on the requesting behaviors were also discussed based on the irregularities of learner's conversations. Less

WI调查了日本人通过不适当的氧合和不自然流动的日本人对日本语言的对话的要求的行为的基础。为了找到对话中流的可变性，我们构建了七次情况，这些情况要求要求进行通信，这些通信在以下六个方面有所不同，而这些方面在以下六个方面进行了不同，这些方面在改变日本母语者中的沟通方式。请求的对象，两个人之间的义务和角色的关系，恩惠和收益的关系，交流的成本，被拒绝的可能性以及两个人之间的熟悉程度。使用这些情况，我们进行了调查和实验研究。在调查研究中，16名日语学习者和28位日语母语人士构建了对话脚本，其中一个人在给定的情况下向另一个人寻求恩宠。虽然脚本……更多由母语人士写的是对话流的共同基本结构，这些结构与情况的特征所要求的隐含规范相一致，但外国学习者倾向于遵守固定的对话模式，忽略了规范的差异。通过使用12个本人的新样本组成12个本人学习者和12个本人学习者和12个本人学习者，通过电话进行对话的实验，是通过电话进行对话的实验。单个训练有素的实验者以恒定的方式对所有受试者做出了反应。录制的对话转换为书面形式，并由Childes分析，这是一种用于话语分析的软件，日本人在此实验性的效果下也分享了对话流的共同柔性结构。但是，外国学习者表现出不自然的表达和话语的时机，这使谈话的流程不合适。这种不适当的主要原因被认为是不足以对语言使用和“外语效应”的熟练程度和伴侣的考虑。当人们被迫使用外语时，思维能力的降低。还根据学习者对话的不规则性讨论了规范意识对请求行为的影响。较少的