The interaction of selection, pleiotropy, and drift in phenotypic evolution

表型进化中选择、多效性和漂移的相互作用

• 批准号: 2223962
• 负责人: Jeffrey Conner
• 金额: $ 153.6万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2223962&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: interaction; selection; pleiotropy; drift; phenotypic

Evolution of the traits of organisms most famously occurs through natural selection, but can also occur through other processes. Traits can evolve through genetic drift, especially in small populations, when individuals may die or fail to reproduce for reasons having nothing to do with their fitness. Traits can also evolve as a result of pleiotropy, in which single genes affect multiple traits. If natural selection acts to change one trait, other traits that share pleiotropic genes with it will also evolve. While selection, drift, and pleiotropy have been well-studied in isolation, rarely have the roles of all three been considered together. This research will comprehensively determine the roles of natural selection, drift, and pleiotropy in a plant species that shows patterns of recent evolutionary change across latitudes and altitudes. Examining these factors simultaneously will help us understand how organisms can adapt or fail to adapt to environmental change. The project will integrate field studies of selection with laboratory genetics and genomics. It will involve teams of K12 teachers and undergraduate students from underrepresented groups, improving their understanding of the process of science and scientific careers, as well as producing classroom curricular materials based on the data.This project builds upon decades of field and laboratory research with the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. The recent evolution of self-fertilization in this species has weakened natural selection on stamen number because short stamens do not contribute to seed production. Short stamens have been lost in some populations of this species, especially at low altitudes and latitudes. Three gene regions associated with stamen loss have been identified, permitting simultaneous investigation of evolution at the morphological and genomic levels. The role of natural selection in stamen loss will be evaluated using field and growth chamber experiments with plants of known genotypes. The role of pleiotropy will be evaluated by statistical associations between stamen loss and other traits known to be affected by selection, and by studying genomic associations for gene regions influencing these traits. Finally, the role of drift will be evaluated by studying whole-genome diversity and assessing the relationship between small population size and stamen loss.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

最著名的生物特征的演变是通过自然选择发生的，但也可以通过其他过程发生。特征可以通过遗传漂移来发展，尤其是在小人群中，当个人可能死亡或未能繁殖的原因与他们的健身无关。特征也可以由于多效性而发展，其中单基因会影响多种特征。如果自然选择可以改变一种特征，那么与之共享多效基因的其他特征也会发展。尽管选择，漂移和多效性在孤立地进行了充分研究，但很少考虑这三个角色。这项研究将全面确定自然选择，漂移和多效性在植物物种中的作用，该植物物种显示了纬度和高度之间最近进化变化的模式。同时检查这些因素将有助于我们了解生物如何适应或无法适应环境变化。该项目将将选择的现场研究与实验室遗传学和基因组学相结合。它将涉及来自代表性不足小组的K12教师和本科生团队，从而提高他们对科学和科学职业的理解，并根据数据生产课堂课程材料。该项目基于数十年来与模型的田野研究基于模型种植的植物种植物种拟南芥。 该物种中自我征收的最新进化削弱了雄蕊数量的自然选择，因为短雄蕊不影响种子的产量。 在该物种的一些人群中，少雄蕊已经丢失，尤其是在低海拔和纬度处。 已经确定了与雄蕊损失相关的三个基因区域，可以同时研究形态和基因组水平的进化。自然选择在雄蕊损失中的作用将使用已知基因型植物的田间和生长室实验评估。多效性的作用将通过雄蕊损失与已知受选择影响的其他特征之间的统计关联进行评估，并通过研究影响这些特征的基因区域的基因组关联。 最后，将通过研究全基因组多样性并评估小人口规模和雄蕊损失之间的关系来评估漂移的作用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估的评估值得支持的。

项目成果

Rapid evolution of a family‐diagnostic trait: artificial selection and correlated responses in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum

家族诊断性状的快速进化：野萝卜 Raphanus raphanistrum 的人工选择和相关反应

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.19125
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: New Phytologist
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Conner, Jeffrey K.;Issaka Salia, Ousseini;Zhao, Zhi‐Gang;Knapczyk, Frances;Sahli, Heather;Koelling, Vanessa A.;Karoly, Keith
• 通讯作者: Karoly, Keith