Collaborative Research: Understanding the Roles of Natural Selection and Evolutionary Constraints in the Maintenance of Invariant Floral Traits.

合作研究：了解自然选择和进化约束在维持不变花卉性状中的作用。

• 批准号: 9903880
• 负责人: Jeffrey Conner
• 金额: $ 14.2万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-10-01 至 2003-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9903880&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Roles; Natural

9903880ConnerA remarkable property of biological diversity is the patterning that is observed when characteristics of organisms are compared. While some features show considerable variation and can uniquely identify individuals within a population, other traits are less variable and are shared by large groups of related species. Although biologists have long recognized the importance of variation as the raw material for future evolution, the reasons why variation may sometimes be lacking are less often studied. This lack of variation could be due to constraints on evolution, caused by a lack of genetic variation or by genetic correlations with other traits. Alternatively, the lack of variation could result from natural selection eliminating unfit variants and maintaining a narrow range of traits that are well-adapted to the environment. In this research, a novel combination of artificial selection in the greenhouse and studies of natural selection in the field will be used to determine whether constraints or selection cause the low levels of variation found in two sets of floral traits. The research will be done using the wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum Brassicaeae) and two aspects of anther morphology, the ratio of long- and short-filament lengths and the extent of long-filament exertion beyond the corolla. The basic understanding of constraints and selection generated by this research may be applicable to understanding a variety of applied evolutionary problems, such as whether crops and wild species can adapt rapidly to global climate change, conservation of endangered species (which often lack genetic variation), and the evolution of resistance to antibiotics, pesticides, and herbicides by pathogens and pests.

9903880Connera生物多样性的显着特性是比较生物特征时观察到的图案。 尽管某些特征显示出很大的变化，并且可以唯一地识别人群中的个体，但其他特征的变化较小，并且由大量相关物种共享。 尽管生物学家长期以来已经认识到变异是未来进化的原材料的重要性，但有时缺乏变异的原因是不太经常研究的原因。 缺乏差异可能是由于缺乏遗传变异或与其他特征的遗传相关性引起的对进化的限制所致。 另外，缺乏差异可能是由于自然选择消除了不合适的变体并保持适应环境的狭窄特征范围。 在这项研究中，将使用人工选择的新型组合和田间的自然选择研究来确定约束或选择是否会导致两组花卉性状中发现的差异较低。这项研究将使用野生萝卜（Raphanus raphanistrum brassicaeae）和花药形态的两个方面，长长和短丝长度的比例以及花冠之外的长丝锻炼的程度。 这项研究产生的对约束和选择的基本理解可能适用于了解各种应用的进化问题，例如，农作物和野生物种是否可以迅速适应全球气候变化，濒危物种的保护（通常缺乏遗传变异）以及对抗生素，农药，农药和遗传学因病原体和pests和Pests的抵抗力的进化。

项目成果

Rapid evolution of a family‐diagnostic trait: artificial selection and correlated responses in wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum

家族诊断性状的快速进化：野萝卜 Raphanus raphanistrum 的人工选择和相关反应

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.19125
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: New Phytologist
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Conner, Jeffrey K.;Issaka Salia, Ousseini;Zhao, Zhi‐Gang;Knapczyk, Frances;Sahli, Heather;Koelling, Vanessa A.;Karoly, Keith
• 通讯作者: Karoly, Keith