Collaborative Research: The Evolution of Tolerance to Herbivory among Populations of Scarlet Gilia, Ipomopsis aggregata

合作研究：Scarlet Gilia、Ipomopsis aggregata 种群对草食性耐受性的进化

• 批准号: 0108354
• 负责人: Jeffrey Conner
• 金额: $ 9.12万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0108354&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evolution; Tolerance; Herbivory

0108354ConnerPlant responses to herbivory can be divided into two components, plant defenses and tolerance. Tolerance refers to the ability of plants to regrow and reproduce following herbivore damage; i.e., the ability to compensate. Yet little is known about how tolerance evolves, with most studies to date focusing on plant defense. Over the past fifteen years studies have been conducted on a specialized case of tolerance in a biennial/perennial herb, scarlet gilia, where plants have been observed to achieve greater reproductive success by overcompensating for tissues lost to herbivory. However, scarlet gilia's compensatory response is not universal; exhibiting tremendous variation both within and between populations. To assess whether there is a genetic basis to population differences in compensation, as well as whether selection on plant traits related to compensation differ between populations and locations, reciprocal transplant experiments and selection analyses will be conducted. These studies will be conducted within each of four populations that have been subjected to very different historical levels of herbivory; two of these overcompensate and the other two do not.Studies on the relative importance of genetic versus environmental factors and selection in different environments should contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary response of plants to herbivory, and add general understanding to the factors that do and do not lead to enhanced reproductive success following herbivory. If the mechanisms of overcompensation are genetically based, such responses to herbivory should be of great interest to agriculturists who, through recent advents in molecular genetic technique, might incorporate these traits into crop plants.

0108354对食草动物的响应可以分为两个组成部分：植物防御和耐受性。 耐受性是指植物在草食动物损害后再生和繁殖的能力。即，补偿能力。 然而，对于耐受性的发展知之甚少，迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在植物防御上。 在过去的十五年中，已经对两年期/多年生草药（多年生草药）的专业耐受案例进行了研究，在那里观察到植物通过过度补偿因食草而损失的组织而获得了更大的生殖成功。 但是，猩红色吉利亚的补偿性反应并不普遍。在人群之间和人群之间表现出巨大变化。 为了评估补偿人群差异是否存在遗传基础，以及在人口和位置之间与薪酬相关的植物特征的选择是否会进行，将进行相互移植实验和选择分析。 这些研究将在四个人群中的每一个中进行，这些人群遭受了非常不同的历史草食水平。其中两个过度补偿，而另外两个则没有。关于遗传因素与环境因素的相对重要性以及在不同环境中的选择应有助于我们理解植物对草食的进化反应，并对草药后增强的生殖成功增强的因素增加一般的理解。 如果过度补偿的机制是基于遗传学的，那么农业学家的这种反应应该引起人们的极大兴趣，而农业学家通过最近的分子遗传技术的优势，可能将这些特征纳入作物植物。