RAPID: Responding to the Risk of Hurricanes Harvey and Irma: Choices and Adjustment Over Time

RAPID：应对飓风哈维和艾尔玛的风险：随时间推移的选择和调整

基本信息

批准号：
1760764
负责人：
Roxane Silver
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
University of California-Irvine
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-10-01 至 2018-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760764&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Responding Risk Hurricanes Harvey

项目摘要

Community-based traumas are pandemic and recurring, profoundly taxing individual well-being and societal resources. Hurricane Harvey, followed by Hurricane Irma, represent stunning examples of such community-based traumas. Yet surprisingly few studies have considered how cumulative exposure to collective and individual stressors such as these may contribute to patterns of adjustment over time. The effects of community traumas can span physical boundaries as well as temporal boundaries, with widespread media coverage transmitting a trauma's impact far beyond the directly exposed population, and challenging the traditional view of trauma exposure. Designing and implementing research on collective traumas requires overcoming formidable scientific and logistical challenges resulting from the fundamental unpredictability of these events. Previous studies that have examined adjustment to community traumas usually involve recalling events long after they have occurred, making it difficult to disambiguate the effects of trauma on subsequent adjustment. Drawing more solid conclusions about long-term trauma reactions requires having a large sample in which information about pre-event mental and physical health, and baseline assessments of psychological responses have been collected during the acute period of trauma responses. The investigators in this project have been at the forefront in developing and maintaining such a sample (with prior NSF support), and are able to utilize the sample and extend data collection in the context of Hurricanes Harvey and Irma.This project presents an unprecedented opportunity to document predictors of variability in response to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, as well as to examine several questions relevant to risk assessment and community response to a natural disaster. The unparalleled media attention to these hurricanes, coupled with the preexisting large representative sample on which a great deal of data has been collected prospectively (with prior NSF support), provides the opportunity to examine adjustment processes, risk assessments, disaster preparedness, and behavior change without the methodological limitations that have plagued prior research (e.g., lack of pre-data, retrospective data collection, small or demographically homogeneous samples). The research will advance future conceptual work on coping with highly stressful events by (a) furthering our understanding of the extent to which traditional and non-traditional media coverage of the hurricanes may play a role in individuals' risk perceptions and acute stress responses to it; (b) providing information to facilitate early identification of individuals at risk for subsequent difficulties following potential natural disasters; (c) providing information critical to communicating to the public during large-scale threats; (d) informing intervention efforts to encourage disaster-mitigation behaviors (before, during, and after threats); and (e) explicitly integrating the stress and coping literature with the literature on decision making.

基于社区的创伤是大流行，反复出现的，对个人的福祉和社会资源产生了深远的征税。哈维飓风随后是艾尔玛飓风，代表了这种基于社区的创伤的惊人例子。然而，令人惊讶的是，很少有研究考虑到累积暴露于集体和个体压力源如何可能导致随着时间的推移的调整模式。社区创伤的影响可以跨越身体界限和时间界限，并且广泛的媒体覆盖范围传播创伤的影响远远超出了直接暴露的人群，并挑战了传统的创伤暴露观点。设计和实施集体创伤的研究需要克服这些事件的基本不可预测性引起的强大的科学和后勤挑战。先前检查了对社区创伤的调整的研究通常涉及在发生事件发生后很长时间召回事件，因此很难消除创伤对随后调整的影响。就长期创伤反应得出更扎实的结论，需要有大量样本，在这些样本中，有关事实前心理和身体健康的信息以及对心理反应的基线评估已在创伤反应的急性期内收集。该项目中的研究人员在开发和维护此类样本方面一直处于最前沿（具有NSF的支持），并且能够在Harvey和Irma飓风中使用样本并扩展数据收集。该项目为对飓风Harvey和IRMA的响应响应而言，对灾难的响应以及一些危害的危害以及一些相关的社区提供了一个前所未有的机会，以记录预测能力，以及一定的危害。 The unparalleled media attention to these hurricanes, coupled with the preexisting large representative sample on which a great deal of data has been collected prospectively (with prior NSF support), provides the opportunity to examine adjustment processes, risk assessments, disaster preparedness, and behavior change without the methodological limitations that have plagued prior research (e.g., lack of pre-data, retrospective data collection, small or demographically homogeneous samples).这项研究将通过（a）进一步理解我们对传统和非传统媒体对飓风的报道的了解，以推动未来的概念工作，以应对高度的压力事件。（b）提供信息，以促进潜在的自然灾害后有可能出现困难的人的早期识别；（c）在大规模威胁期间提供至关重要的信息；（d）告知干预措施以鼓励减轻灾难行为（威胁之前，期间和之后）；（e）将压力和应对文献与关于决策的文献明确整合。