Dimensions US-China: Collaborative Research: Microbe eco-evolutionary feedbacks as drivers of plant coexistence and diversity gradients

维度中美：合作研究：微生物生态进化反馈作为植物共存和多样性梯度的驱动因素

基本信息

批准号：
1738041
负责人：
James Bever
金额：
$ 172.31万
依托单位：
University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-01-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1738041&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dimensions US China Collaborative Research

项目摘要

Grasslands comprise 26% of global land area and 80% of agriculturally productive land. In addition to their agricultural importance, grasslands also play key roles in diverse ecosystem services, including the production of clean water and the prevention of flooding. Native grasslands are often very species-rich, with richness increasing with increasing annual precipitation and declining following disturbance. These patterns of diversity can have important consequences because species-rich grasslands have been shown to be more productive and more resilient to unpredictable events like drought, flooding, or tornado damage. It is essential to understand the processes that govern both the patterns of plant diversity and the benefits of plant diversity to better manage grassland areas. The different processes that create and maintain the rich diversity of plant species coexisting in grasslands are unknown, but recent research suggests that plant pathogens may play a role. This project examines the extent plant disease determines natural patterns of plant diversity within grasslands by conducting parallel experiments at multiple field sites within the United States and China. Undergraduates, graduate students and post-doctoral researchers will be trained in diverse field and laboratory methods, including students and faculty from colleges and community colleges adjacent to study sites in Illinois, Missouri and Kansas. Data from this project will generate new directions for the management of rangelands and also lead to improvements in the yield and resilience of agricultural and native ecosystems.Pathogens are predicted to accumulate and limit plant productivity most strongly in grasslands with low plant phylogenetic diversity, low plant genetic diversity and high precipitation. These predictions will be tested through a coordinated set of field observations, field manipulations, and greenhouse assays, performed on parallel diversity and rainfall gradients in North American and Asian grasslands. Specifically, patterns of plant and pathogen phylogenetic diversity, patterns of plant resistance due to genetic diversity, and patterns of ecological and evolutionary feedback will be tested across rainfall gradients in central United States and China. Rainfall manipulations of experimental plant communities will test environmental dependence of plant species coexistence, productivity benefits of plant diversity, and the role of pathogens as drivers of these processes. These empirical studies will be integrated with mathematical models to generate predictions of patterns and benefits of plant biodiversity, as well as predictions of vulnerabilities of grasslands to environmental perturbations.

草原占全球土地面积的 26% 和农业生产用地的 80%。除了农业重要性之外，草原还在多种生态系统服务中发挥着关键作用，包括生产清洁水和预防洪水。原生草原的物种往往非常丰富，其丰富度随着年降水量的增加而增加，并随着干扰而减少。这些多样性模式可能会产生重要的后果，因为物种丰富的草原已被证明生产力更高，对干旱、洪水或龙卷风破坏等不可预测的事件更有弹性。有必要了解控制植物多样性模式的过程以及植物多样性的好处，以更好地管理草原地区。创造和维持草原共存植物物种丰富多样性的不同过程尚不清楚，但最近的研究表明植物病原体可能发挥了作用。该项目通过在美国和中国的多个现场进行平行实验，研究植物病害对草原植物多样性自然模式的影响程度。本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员将接受不同领域和实验室方法的培训，其中包括来自伊利诺伊州、密苏里州和堪萨斯州研究地点附近的学院和社区学院的学生和教师。该项目的数据将为牧场管理提供新的方向，并提高农业和本土生态系统的产量和恢复力。预计病原体在植物系统发育多样性低、植物多样性低的草原上积累和限制植物生产力最为强烈。遗传多样性和高降水量。这些预测将通过一系列协调一致的实地观测、实地操作和温室试验进行测试，这些试验对北美和亚洲草原的平行多样性和降雨梯度进行。具体来说，将在美国中部和中国的降雨梯度上测试植物和病原体系统发育多样性的模式、遗传多样性引起的植物抗性模式以及生态和进化反馈模式。实验植物群落的降雨控制将测试植物物种共存的环境依赖性、植物多样性的生产力效益以及病原体作为这些过程驱动因素的作用。这些实证研究将与数学模型相结合，以预测植物生物多样性的模式和效益，以及草原对环境扰动的脆弱性的预测。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（32）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Utility of large subunit for environmental sequencing of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a new reference database and pipeline

大亚基在丛枝菌根真菌环境测序中的应用：新的参考数据库和管道

DOI：
10.1111/nph.17080
发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
New Phytologist
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Delavaux, Camille S.;Sturmer, Sidney L.;Wagner, Maggie R.;Schütte, Ursel;Morton, Joseph B.;Bever, James D.
通讯作者：
Bever, James D.

Native plant abundance, diversity, and richness increases in prairie restoration with field inoculation density of native mycorrhizal amendments

随着本地菌根改良剂的田间接种密度，草原恢复中本地植物的丰度、多样性和丰富度增加