Ecological Dynamics of the Plant-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Mutualism: Contribution to Plant Species Turnover and Coexistence

植物-丛枝菌根真菌互利共生的生态动力学：对植物物种更新和共存的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
1556664
负责人：
James Bever
金额：
$ 60万
依托单位：
University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1556664&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ecological Dynamics Plant Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

项目摘要

The iconic tallgrass prairie of the American heartland undergoes a constant process of renewal following fire and grazing. The renewal consists of a turnover of species that provides for long-term coexistence and the maintenance of diversity. Recently, it has been revealed that a type of fungus that penetrates that roots of prairie plants plays an important role in how they compete for resources, and these interactions differ among species. The fungi thus affect how the sequence of turnover takes place. The details of this interaction, and whether it helps some species and hinders others, is yet unknown. This project will determine how this interaction affects the renewal process in unprecedented detail. This research will aid in efforts to restore natural prairie communities in the Midwest. Additionally, the project will provide training opportunities for students and contribute to a high school teacher development program.A growing body of work has identified important roles of soil organisms in plant species coexistence and turnover during succession. Insight into the potential dynamics of these systems is limited by a poor understanding of soil organism dynamics. This gap will be addressed in observational, experimental, and modeling stages. Observations will span time and space in monitoring changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal composition and plant growth across multiple plant species of varying life history. The dynamics of plant populations resulting from these fungal changes will be examined. Manipulative experiments will be designed and conducted to differentiate and quantify the impact of allocation of resources by the hosts to preferred mycorrhizae from fungal competitive ability. A conceptual model, including simulation, will be developed to produce a new theoretical framework that integrates plant physiological plasticity and life history trade-offs with plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal community feedbacks.

美国中心地带标志性的高草草原在火灾和放牧之后经历着不断的更新过程。更新包括物种的更替，以实现长期共存和多样性的维持。最近，研究表明，一种渗透到草原植物根部的真菌在它们如何争夺资源方面发挥着重要作用，而且这些相互作用在物种之间存在差异。因此，真菌会影响周转的发生顺序。这种相互作用的细节，以及它是否有助于某些物种并阻碍其他物种，目前尚不清楚。该项目将以前所未有的细节确定这种相互作用如何影响更新过程。这项研究将有助于恢复中西部的自然草原群落。此外，该项目将为学生提供培训机会，并为高中教师发展计划做出贡献。越来越多的工作已经确定了土壤生物在植物物种共存和演替过程中的更替中的重要作用。由于对土壤生物动态的了解不足，对这些系统潜在动态的洞察受到限制。这一差距将在观察、实验和建模阶段得到解决。观察将跨越时间和空间，监测不同生活史的多种植物物种的丛枝菌根真菌组成和植物生长的变化。将检查由这些真菌变化引起的植物种群的动态。将设计和进行操作性实验，以区分和量化宿主资源分配对真菌竞争能力的偏好菌根的影响。将开发一个概念模型，包括模拟，以产生一个新的理论框架，将植物生理可塑性和生活史权衡与植物丛枝菌根群落反馈相结合。