Dissertation Research: The biotic environment and the context-dependent nature of plant-microbial symbiosis

论文研究：生物环境和植物-微生物共生的环境依赖性

• 批准号: 1011334
• 负责人: James Bever
• 金额: $ 1.27万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1011334&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; biotic; environment; context

Plants often harbor a wide variety of microbial organisms within their bodies. Interactions between plants and these microbial symbionts influence the diversity, structure, and function of terrestrial plant communities. In many such interactions the microbe provides host plants with nutrients in exchange for carbon from the plant. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, a soil fungus that specializes in the acquisition of phosphorus, and rhizobia, a nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium are two common nutritional plant symbionts of legume plants. The manner in which each of these symbionts benefits or antagonizes their plant partner varies and is partially determined by soil nutrient levels. Moreover, plants can allocate resources to multiple partners, allowing for the presence of simultaneous interactions to influence the costs and benefits of the interaction. This project evaluates the relative importance of biotic (i.e. co-occurring symbionts) and abiotic (i.e. soil nutrient levels) factors on the consequences of plant-microbial interactions.The majority of investigations on plant-microbial interactions have focused a single host and a single symbiont. Yet in nature plants simultaneously interact with many symbionts. This project experimentally examines the importance of this feature of natural plant-microbe interactions. Results of this project are applicable to many goals of ecological restoration. Because of their ability to fix nitrogen, legumes are important members of plant communities, and are often priority species in restoration management. Many restoration projects begin in post-agricultural fields. While the soils of natural areas are often nutrient limited, disturbed environments are often subjected to high levels of anthropological nutrient deposition. Thus this project aids the success of restoration efforts by shedding light onto the consequences of both unnatural nutrient levels and the soil community the legume-rhizobia interactions. We will incorporate work from this project into a special program at a local children's science museum that elucidates below-ground biological process and organisms.

植物体内通常含有多种微生物。 植物与这些微生物共生体之间的相互作用影响陆地植物群落的多样性、结构和功能。 在许多此类相互作用中，微生物为宿主植物提供营养，以换取植物的碳。 丛枝菌根真菌（一种专门获取磷的土壤真菌）和根瘤菌（一种固氮土壤细菌）是豆科植物的两种常见的营养植物共生体。 这些共生体中的每一个受益或对抗其植物伙伴的方式各不相同，部分取决于土壤养分水平。 此外，工厂可以将资源分配给多个合作伙伴，允许同时交互的存在来影响交互的成本和收益。 该项目评估生物（即共生共生体）和非生物（即土壤养分水平）因素对植物-微生物相互作用后果的相对重要性。大多数关于植物-微生物相互作用的研究都集中在单一宿主和单一宿主上。共生体。 然而在自然界中，植物同时与许多共生体相互作用。 该项目通过实验研究了天然植物与微生物相互作用这一特征的重要性。 该项目的结果适用于生态恢复的许多目标。 由于具有固氮能力，豆科植物是植物群落的重要成员，并且通常是恢复管理中的优先物种。 许多恢复项目都是从后农业领域开始的。 虽然自然地区的土壤往往养分有限，但受干扰的环境往往会遭受高水平的人类养分沉积。 因此，该项目通过揭示非自然营养水平和土壤群落与豆科植物-根瘤菌相互作用的后果，有助于恢复工作的成功。 我们将把这个项目的工作纳入当地儿童科学博物馆的一个特别项目中，以阐明地下生物过程和生物体。