Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: The Warring Forties: New Evidence on the Economic Consequences of World War II

经济学博士论文研究：战时四十年代：二战经济后果的新证据

• 批准号: 1155957
• 负责人: Price Fishback
• 金额: $ 0.99万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1155957&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economics; Warring

World War II was a significant event for the US economy, particularly for postwar economic and social policy. The war years saw dramatic changes in the economy; some fueled by previous trends and others a creation of the war years. Following World War II, leading economics and law journals took up the question of whether the glut of resources left over from the war years would be an obstacle to recovery and growth. More recently, Field (2011) has suggested revisions that place the 1920s and 30s ahead of World War II in terms of technological progress and total factor productivity growth. This research project addresses hitherto unanswered questions about the war years and subsequent allocation (or misallocation) of resources that resulted from mobilization.The first part of the project considers the war's effect on the educational attainment of the school age cohort in the early 1940s and their subsequent labor market outcomes. Earlier research highlighted the GI Bill's positive effect on the educational attainment of veterans, while mobilization's effect on the school age cohort was potentially negative. The second part focuses on the connection between wartime labor market institutions, the surge in postwar internal migration, and the Great Compression. The final part studies the causes of postwar productivity growth in industries that were, in different ways, caught up in the mobilization effort. By studying some of the inputs into the process of economic change and growth, each chapter pushes us toward a better understanding of a bigger question: How did mobilization for World War II affect postwar economic growth?

第二次世界大战对于美国经济来说是一个重大事件，特别是对于战后的经济和社会政策而言。战争年代经济发生了巨大变化。有些是由以前的趋势推动的，有些是战争年代造成的。第二次世界大战后，主要的经济学和法律期刊提出了这样一个问题：战争年代留下的资源过剩是否会成为复苏和增长的障碍。最近，Field（2011）提出了修订建议，将 20 年代和 30 年代在技术进步和全要素生产率增长方面置于第二次世界大战之前。该研究项目解决了迄今为止尚未解答的关于战争年代以及随后因动员而导致的资源分配（或错误分配）的问题。该项目的第一部分考虑了战争对 20 世纪 40 年代初学龄群体教育程度的影响及其随后的劳动力市场结果。早期的研究强调了《退伍军人权利法案》对退伍军人教育程度的积极影响，而动员对学龄群体的影响可能是负面的。第二部分重点讨论战时劳动力市场制度、战后国内移民激增和大压缩之间的联系。最后一部分研究了战后以不同方式参与动员工作的行业生产率增长的原因。通过研究经济变革和增长过程中的一些投入，每一章都促使我们更好地理解一个更大的问题：第二次世界大战的动员如何影响战后的经济增长？