FIBR: PLANNING- INTEGRATIVE STUDIES OF MUTATION BIOLOGY

FIBR：规划——突变生物学的综合研究

• 批准号: 0307180
• 负责人: Charles Fenster
• 金额: $ 3.52万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-15 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0307180&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FIBR; PLANNING; INTEGRATIVE; STUDIES; MUTATION

Participants: Jon Agren, Joanne Chory, Charles Fenster (PI), Thomas Hansen, Alexy Kondrashov, Stephen Mount, Matthew Rutter (coPI), Frank Shaw, Ruth Shaw, Stephen Tonsor, Gunter Wagner, Detlef WeigelSpontaneous mutations are the source of new genetic variants, and are the raw material of evolutionary change. The outcomes of many evolutionary models depend upon the rate and expression of mutations. Because mutation is infrequent, measuring these parameters has been restricted to model organisms raised and assayed in large numbers in laboratory conditions. However, understanding how mutations interface with natural selection and other ecological features of the organism requires explicitly quantifying mutation rates and their effects in the wild or to specific environmental conditions that the organism is likely to encounter. An accurate description of the properties of the mutation process will provide important information about such topics as the rate of emergence of genetic disease and their likely severity, and the potential for detrimental mutations to lead to the decline and extinction of endangered species. Knowledge about the ways in which specific types of mutation interface with the environment may allow us to better use modern genetic techniques to improve crop performance or identify genes that may be especially likely to play a role in disease. This FIBR Planning Grant will facilitate a collaborative project to investigate mutation properties on evolutionary processes in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We are a group of researchers whose expertise includes molecular and developmental genetics, theoretical genetics, and field-based experimental approaches to the study of plant evolution. A. thaliana is optimal for the study of mutational effects: it is the only genetic model organism that does not move, is large enough to easily observe in the wild, and widely distributed in natural populations. Thus, we can utilize predictive evolutionary models, cutting-edge molecular tools, established mutation accumulation lines, greenhouse and field experiments to connect alterations of the genetic code caused by mutation with subsequent changes in survival, reproductive success, and population-level evolutionary processes. The planning grant will fund two meetings (in spring and fall of 2003) that will define in detail the questions to be investigated. We will create a research plan that addresses important and feasible evolutionary questions that link molecular genetic and physiological information to the level of the whole organism. Furthermore, we will identify and recruit other researchers who would enhance the project. The outcome of these meetings and collaborations will be to prepare and submit a preliminary FIBR proposal in 2003.

Participants: Jon Agren, Joanne Chory, Charles Fenster (PI), Thomas Hansen, Alexy Kondrashov, Stephen Mount, Matthew Rutter (coPI), Frank Shaw, Ruth Shaw, Stephen Tonsor, Gunter Wagner, Detlef WeigelSpontaneous mutations are the source of new genetic variants, and are the raw material of evolutionary change.许多进化模型的结果取决于突变的速率和表达。由于突变很少发生，因此测量这些参数已局限于在实验室条件下大量饲养和测定的模型。但是，了解突变与生物体的自然选择和其他生态特征的接口需要明确量化突变速率及其在野外或有机体可能遇到的特定环境条件中的影响。 对突变过程的性质的准确描述将提供有关诸如遗传疾病及其可能严重程度的出现率的重要信息，以及有害突变导致濒危物种下降和灭绝的潜力。 了解特定类型的突变接口与环境的方式可能使我们能够更好地利用现代遗传技术来改善作物性能或识别可能在疾病中起作用的基因。这项纤维规划补助金将促进一个协作项目，以调查植物拟南芥进化过程的突变特性。 我们是一群研究人员，其专业知识包括分子和发育遗传学，理论遗传学以及基于现场的植物进化研究方法。 A. thaliana对于研究突变效应是最佳的：它是唯一不动的遗传模型生物，足够大，可以轻松观察到野外，并且在自然种群中广泛分布。 因此，我们可以利用预测性进化模型，尖端的分子工具，已建立的突变积累线，温室和现场实验来连接由于突变引起的遗传密码的变化与随后的生存成功，生殖成功和人群水平进化过程的变化。 计划赠款将资助两次会议（2003年春季和秋季），这些会议将详细定义要调查的问题。我们将制定一个研究计划，以解决将分子遗传和生理信息与整个生物水平联系起来的重要且可行的进化问题。 此外，我们将确定并招募其他将增强该项目的研究人员。 这些会议和合作的结果将是在2003年准备和提交初步纤维提案。