The Evolutionary Role of Epistasis for Fitness in Chamacrista Fasciculata

Chamacrista Fasciculata 上位性对健康的进化作用

• 批准号: 9312067
• 负责人: Charles Fenster
• 金额: $ 24.27万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-10-15 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9312067&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evolutionary; Role; Epistasis; Fitness; Chamacrista

9312067 Fenster The central theme of the proposed research concerns determining the type of gene action which is responsible for genetic differences among populations of the common native legume, Partridge Pea. Genes may act independently of one another so that genetic divergence may simply reflect the accumulated effects of artificial or natural selection acting on single genes. However, it is just as likely that important differences among organisms may reflect selection on combinations of genes. Selection acting on combination of genes means that gene interaction or epistasis is important. The type of gene action can be determined by following the survivorship and reproduction of progeny derived from crosses between parents that are separated from one another by increasing distance.%%% Results from this project using Partridge Pea as a model system may have important implications for a number of different disciplines including evolution, crop and animal breeding, and conservation biology. If organisms are adapted to their environment because of interactions among genes, then our models of evolution will need to be more complex. In addition where gene interactions occur different breeding strategies than those presently employed may have greater efficacy for crop and animal improvement. Strategies for maintaining or preserving genetic diversity in endangered species will also be influenced by whether gene interaction determines traits associated with survivorship, reproduction, or yield.***

9312067 Fenster 拟议研究的中心主题涉及确定基因作用的类型，该基因作用是导致常见本地豆科植物鹧鸪豌豆种群之间遗传差异的原因。 基因可能彼此独立地起作用，因此遗传分化可能简单地反映了人工或自然选择作用于单个基因的累积效应。 然而，生物体之间的重要差异也可能反映了对基因组合的选择。 作用于基因组合的选择意味着基因相互作用或上位性很重要。 基因作用的类型可以通过跟踪亲本之间的杂交产生的后代的存活和繁殖来确定，这些亲本之间的距离不断增加。%%%使用鹧鸪豌豆作为模型系统的这个项目的结果可能对许多不同的学科，包括进化论、作物和动物育种以及保护生物学。 如果生物体因为基因之间的相互作用而适应环境，那么我们的进化模型将需要更加复杂。 此外，当发生基因相互作用时，与目前采用的育种策略不同的育种策略可能对作物和动物改良具有更大的功效。 维持或保存濒危物种遗传多样性的策略也将受到基因相互作用是否决定与生存、繁殖或产量相关的性状的影响。***