Measuring Mutation Parameters in the Wild

在野外测量突变参数

基本信息

批准号：
0315972
负责人：
Charles Fenster
金额：
$ 32万
依托单位：
University of Maryland, College Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-08-15 至 2007-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0315972&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Measuring Mutation Parameters Wild

项目摘要

Spontaneous mutations are the raw material of evolutionary change and the ultimate source of all genetic defects, such as human genetic diseases. Because mutation is infrequent, measuring mutational effects has been restricted to model organisms raised and assayed in large numbers in laboratory conditions. However, understanding how mutations interface with natural selection requires quantifying mutation rates and their effects in the wild. Here we propose to measure the effects of mutation in the wild using the model organism, Arabidopsis thaliana. Because plants are large and do not move, they offer an excellent opportunity for documenting mutational parameters in natural environments. We propose to plant lines that have accumulated mutations into field conditions. We will measure survival and lifetime reproductive production, thus estimating the genomic mutation rate affecting fitness and the distribution of fitness effects of mutation.Our study has broader impacts in that mutations are important to our understanding of the origins of heritable diseases and we need a greater understanding of the environmental determination of mutational effects. Furthermore, conservation genetic models of the consequences of small population size often incorporate mutational parameters, which our study will provide. This study will lead to a deeper understanding of the role of mutation in the evolutionary process.

自发突变是进化变化的原材料，也是所有遗传缺陷（例如人类遗传病）的最终根源。由于突变很少见，因此测量突变效应仅限于在实验室条件下大量饲养和分析的模型生物。然而，了解突变如何与自然选择相互作用需要量化突变率及其在野外的影响。在这里，我们建议使用模式生物拟南芥来测量野生环境中突变的影响。由于植物很大并且不会移动，因此它们为记录自然环境中的突变参数提供了绝佳的机会。我们建议在田间条件下种植已积累突变的品系。我们将测量生存率和终生生殖产量，从而估计影响适应性的基因组突变率以及突变的适应性效应的分布。我们的研究具有更广泛的影响，因为突变对于我们了解遗传性疾病的起源很重要，我们需要更广泛的研究。了解环境决定突变效应。此外，小种群规模后果的保护遗传模型通常包含突变参数，我们的研究将提供这些参数。这项研究将导致人们更深入地了解突变在进化过程中的作用。