Development of a Rapid Survey to Detect Use of New and Emerging Drugs

开展快速调查以检测新药和新兴药物的使用情况

• 批准号: 9004616
• 负责人: Joseph J Palamar
• 金额: $ 18.5万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9004616
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Age; Area; Award; Bathing; Biometry; Cities; Cocaine; Communities; Dancing; Data; Data Collection; Dedications; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Documentation; Drug Monitoring; Drug usage; Emergency department visit; Environment; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Festival; Fostering; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Illicit Drugs; Intention; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Legal; Legal Status; Manuscripts; Marijuana; Mental Health; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; New York; New York City; Overdose; Pattern; Peer Review; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Psychotropic Drugs; Public Health; Publications; Qualitative Methods; Reliability of Results; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Safety; Salts; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Sentinel Surveillance; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; System; Time; Training; Universities; Validation; Validity of Results; adverse outcome; base; career development; club drug; design; experience; follow-up; high risk; illicit drug use; informant; insight; medical schools; metropolitan; mortality; next generation; novel therapeutics; population health; prevent; recreational drug use; research study; screening; skills; social stigma; symposium; synthetic marijuana; tool; trend; twelfth grade

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) application proposes a five-year training plan to provide the Candidate with the necessary skills and experience for a future R01 submission and transition to independent research. The Candidate, Joseph J. Palamar, PhD, MPH, has shown dedication to public health through his research on drug use in New York City (NYC) and the stigma associated with recreational drug use. He has authored/coauthored 24 peer-reviewed manuscripts on the topic he seeks to investigate in this proposed project. The scientific objective of this application is to identify se and correlates of use of new and emerging drugs in venues which promote highest risk for use (e.g., at nightclubs, dance festivals). This research is critical because of the unprecedented rise in new psychoactive drugs, not currently assessed by national surveys. It is essential for timely identification and documentation of the emergence of new drugs and associated adverse effects with short-term informing of policymakers, researchers and educators. Rapid survey data is needed to contribute to drug monitoring systems and to triangulate secondary data, which generally only focus on adverse outcomes of use (e.g., overdose). The development of a survey tool and documentation of an implementation approach will allow epidemiologists to triangulate secondary drug data to inform prevention strategies, which address use of these continually emerging drugs. Using a 3-phased mixed-methods approach, Dr. Palamar will develop, validate and implement a survey tool to monitor use of new and emerging drugs among nightclub/dance festival attendees (age 18-25) as they enter venues in NYC. Specifically, he will: 1) carry out formative research to inform survey instrument development (N=40 key informant interviews), 2) design and validate an initial (longer) survey with online follow-up (N=250), based on the key informant interviews, and 3) implement a validated rapid survey (N=500) based upon the initial survey reliability and validity results. Through these research activities, Dr. Palamar will identiy and characterize use of new and emerging drugs among nightclub and dance festival attendees. Specifically, he will aim to: 1) identify and describe the current user population and potential user population (as per intent to use), 2) identify and describe frequency of use, contexts of use, modes of administration, and perceived availability, 3) examine how use and intention to use relate to use of other drugs and perceived contact with users and dealers, and 4) examine socio-demographic and attitudinal correlates of use and intention to use, reasons for use, effects from use and perceived risk associated with use. The Candidate has developed a strong team of mentors to train him throughout the proposed grant period. His mentors and consultants are from diverse backgrounds and experts in drug epidemiology, public health, qualitative methods and biostatistics. His Mentor, Dr. Scott Sherman, and Co-Mentors, Dr. Danielle Ompad and Dr. Michele Shedlin, will be fundamental to the Candidate's development into an independent substance abuse researcher. Mentoring will take place in conjunction with coursework and participation in seminars and conferences. Throughout this training plan the Candidate will: 1) enhance his ability to develop and conduct his own independent research study; 2) expand his expertise in drug use epidemiology; 3) learn time-space and venue-based sampling methodologies; 4) expand his knowledge and experience in the design, validation and implementation of surveys, which will lead to real-time data, and 5) become more advanced in analysis and dissemination of survey data. These goals will foster the Candidate's career development and expertise in drug epidemiology and contribute to the publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts that will inform prevention science and lead to an eventual R01. The proposed project will take place at the New York University School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, which has a multidisciplinary research team and integrates ground-breaking research with training for the next generation of leaders in public health. The Department is committed to training new researchers and promoting development of independent investigators. The Candidate will collaborate with epidemiologists at the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and use their secondary data to inform and triangulate his survey data. The proposed research plan combined with the extensive resources of the institutional environment and the strong institutional support for the Candidate's professional development will assure successful implementation of this award. This carefully documented mixed-method approach will allow researchers to collect real-time data on new and emerging drug trends in nightlife scenes, and quickly inform the scientific community and the public about the use, dangers and correlates of new and emerging drugs. This information is essential to prevent increasing use and associated adverse effects and mortality associated with use of these unstudied drugs. Results will also inform prevention strategies, larger-scale studies (e.g., R01s) that compare patterns of emergence across US cities, and drug monitoring systems (e.g., local, national), enabling them to track use and associated adverse consequences of use in a more comprehensive manner.

描述（由申请人提供）：本导师科学家职业发展奖 (K01) 申请提出了一项为期五年的培训计划，旨在为候选人提供未来 R01 提交和过渡到独立研究所需的技能和经验。候选人约瑟夫·J·帕拉马尔 (Joseph J. Palamar) 博士、公共卫生硕士通过对纽约市 (NYC) 吸毒情况以及与消遣性吸毒相关的耻辱的研究，展现了对公共卫生的奉献精神。他撰写/合着了 24 篇经过同行评审的手稿，主题涉及他在本拟议项目中寻求研究的主题。 该应用的科学目标是确定在使用风险最高的场所（例如夜总会、舞蹈节）中使用新型药物和新兴药物的相关性和相关性。这项研究至关重要，因为前所未有的增长 目前尚未通过国家调查评估新的精神活性药物。通过向政策制定者、研究人员和教育工作者提供短期信息，及时识别和记录新药的出现及相关不良反应至关重要。需要快速调查数据来为药物监测系统做出贡献并对二手数据进行三角测量，这些数据通常只关注使用的不良后果（例如用药过量）。调查工具的开发和实施方法的记录将使流行病学家能够对二级药物数据进行三角测量，为预防策略提供信息，从而解决这些不断出现的药物的使用问题。 Palamar 博士将采用三阶段混合方法开发、验证和实施一种调查工具，以监测夜总会/舞蹈节参加者（18-25 岁）进入纽约市场馆时对新兴药物的使用情况。具体来说，他将：1) 开展形成性研究，为调查工具的开发提供信息（N=40 名关键知情者访谈），2) 根据关键知情人访谈，以及 3) 根据初始调查的可靠性和有效性结果实施经过验证的快速调查 (N=500)。通过这些研究活动，帕拉马尔博士将识别和描述夜总会和舞蹈节参加者对新兴药物的使用情况。具体来说，他的目标是：1) 识别和描述当前用户群体和潜在用户群体（根据使用意图），2) 识别和描述使用频率、使用背景、管理模式和感知可用性，3 ) 检查使用和使用意图如何与其他药物的使用以及与使用者和经销商的感知接触相关，以及 4) 检查使用和使用意图的社会人口和态度相关性、使用原因、使用影响和相关感知风险随着使用。 候选人已经组建了一支强大的导师团队，在整个拟议的资助期内对他进行培训。他的导师和顾问来自不同的背景，都是药物流行病学、公共卫生、定性方法和生物统计学方面的专家。他的导师 Scott Sherman 博士以及联合导师 Danielle Ompad 博士和 Michele Shedlin 博士对于候选人发展成为一名独立的药物滥用研究员至关重要。指导将与课程作业以及参加研讨会和会议同时进行。在整个培训计划中，候选人将： 1) 增强开发和开展自己独立研究的能力； 2) 扩展他在吸毒流行病学方面的专业知识； 3）学习时空和基于场地的采样方法； 4) 扩展他在调查设计、验证和实施方面的知识和经验，这将带来实时数据，以及 5) 在调查数据的分析和传播方面变得更加先进。这些目标将促进候选人的职业发展和药物流行病学方面的专业知识，并有助于发表同行评审的手稿，这些手稿将为预防科学提供信息并最终实现 R01。 拟议的项目将在纽约大学医学院人口健康系进行，该系拥有一个多学科研究团队，将突破性研究与下一代公共卫生领导者的培训结合起来。该部门致力于培训新研究人员并促进独立研究人员的发展。候选人将与纽约市健康和心理卫生局的流行病学家合作，并利用他们的二手数据来告知和三角测量他的调查数据。拟议的研究计划与机构环境的广泛资源以及对候选人专业发展的强大机构支持相结合，将确保该奖项的成功实施。 这种仔细记录的混合方法将使研究人员能够收集夜生活场景中新出现的药物趋势的实时数据，并快速向科学界和公众通报新出现的药物的使用、危险和相关性。这些信息对于防止使用这些未经研究的药物的增加以及相关的不良反应和死亡率至关重要。结果还将为预防策略、比较美国各城市的出现模式的大规模研究（例如 R01s）以及药物监测系统（例如地方、国家）提供信息，使他们能够跟踪使用情况以及使用情况下的相关不良后果。更全面的方式。