Executive functions in urban Hispanic/Latino youth: exposure to mixture of arsenic and pesticides during childhood

城市西班牙裔/拉丁裔青年的执行功能：童年时期接触砷和农药的混合物

基本信息

批准号：
10751106
负责人：
Danelly Rodriguez
金额：
$ 3.63万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2024
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2024-02-01 至 2027-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10751106
关键词：
Acids Address Adolescence Adolescent Adverse effects Affect Age Animals Area Arsenic Attention Biological Biological Markers Brain Brain region Caregivers Caring Characteristics Child Childhood Chlorpyrifos Chronic Cities Cognition Cognitive Communities Crystallization Data Development Diagnosis Diet Disadvantaged Education Enrollment Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Exposure Environmental Risk Factor Episodic memory Equipment and supply inventories Exposure to Family Foundations Goals Health Health Personnel Health Policy High Prevalence Hispanic Home Human Development Individual Joints Knowledge Language Latin America Latino Latino Population Life Cycle Stages Link Liquid substance Longitudinal Studies Manuscripts Measurement Measures Methods Neighborhoods Neurodevelopmental Disability Neurons Neurotoxins Participant Pattern Performance Pesticides Policies Population Predisposition Prefrontal Cortex Preparation Preventive Public Health Reporting Research Rice Risk Rural Schools Short-Term Memory Solid Source South American Standardization Statistical Models System Testing Time Toxic Environmental Substances Toxicant exposure Training Translating United States United States National Institutes of Health Urban Community Uruguay Youth aged base career caregiving cohort contextual factors dietary executive function experience flexibility follow-up health disparity human disease hydroxypyridine neurodevelopment neurodevelopmental effect neurotoxic novel pesticide exposure pollutant prenatal prenatal exposure processing speed programs pyrethroid social determinants toxicant urban setting urinary

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) are on the rise in the United States and worldwide but remain underdiagnosed among Hispanic/Latino children partly due to insufficient research on environmental risk factors. Inorganic arsenic (As) is a known neurotoxicant at higher exposure levels. Chronic levels of pesticides are also neurotoxic, affecting child cognition when exposure occurs in the prenatal period. But the relative contribution of lower levels of As and chronic common-use pesticide (chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids) exposure in urban Hispanic/Latino youth is unclear. It is also not well understood how childhood exposures affect executive function (EF) during adolescence, a critical window of susceptibility underpinned by the maturation of brain areas like the prefrontal cortex. As and pesticides accumulate mostly in EF-dominated brain regions. Combined effects produce more decreases in neurons and larger accumulations in brain regions than when examined individually. Deficits in domains of EF underlie NDDs. While there is a biological rationale and evidence of the proposed association, there are no longitudinal studies of the independent and mixture effects of childhood chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, and low-level As, exposure on EF of urban Hispanic/Latino adolescents. This proposal will leverage a school cohort in Montevideo, a highly urban, South American city with exposure to many pollutants. The Salud Ambiental Montevideo (SAM) cohort provides an excellent opportunity to fulfill the proposed aims by providing biomarkers of exposure to As, chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids, multiple measures of EF (seven domains and three composite scores from the NIH Cognitive Toolbox), and rich contextual factors collected at the family and neighborhood levels on 421 participants aged 11-18 years. Aim 1 will estimate the association of As exposure in childhood and adolescence on adolescent EF. Aim 2 will estimate the association of chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids exposure in childhood and adolescence on adolescent EF. Aim 3 will investigate the association of the three exposures combined on EF during adolescence by employing novel statistical models of mixture effects. Accomplishing these aims will have a positive impact on urban Hispanic/Latino children from the US and Latin America by: (1) Laying a foundation of research on environmental risk factors for NDDs in disadvantaged urban communities, (2) A better recognition of the effects of real-world co-exposures to pollutants and (3) informing educational programs that will lead to better-informed caregivers, health and education systems to provide appropriate care, as well as preventive programs to lower exposure among communities that are both disproportionately exposed to and affected by environmental toxicants.

项目概要/摘要神经发育障碍 (NDD) 在美国和世界范围内呈上升趋势，但仍然存在西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童的诊断不足，部分原因是对环境风险因素的研究不足。无机砷 (As) 是一种已知的神经毒物，暴露水平较高时。农药的长期水平也具有神经毒性，在产前接触时会影响儿童认知。但相对贡献城市中砷和长期常用农药（毒死蜱和拟除虫菊酯）接触水平较低西班牙裔/拉丁裔青年尚不清楚。人们还不太了解儿童时期的暴露如何影响执行功能（EF）在青春期，是一个关键的易感性窗口期，其基础是大脑区域的成熟，例如前额皮质。 As 和农药主要积聚在 EF 主导的大脑区域。综合效应与单独检查相比，神经元的减少更多，大脑区域的积累更多。 EF 领域的缺陷是 NDD 的基础。虽然提出的建议有生物学原理和证据协会，没有关于儿童毒死蜱的独立和混合影响的纵向研究，拟除虫菊酯和低水平 As，城市西班牙裔/拉丁裔青少年的 EF 暴露。该提案将利用蒙得维的亚的一个学校学生，这是一个高度城市化的南美城市，接触许多污染物。健康之道蒙得维的亚环境 (SAM) 队列提供了一个绝佳的机会来实现所提出的目标暴露于砷、毒死蜱和拟除虫菊酯的生物标志物、EF 的多种测量（七个域和三个 NIH 认知工具箱的综合分数），以及从家庭和家庭收集的丰富背景因素社区层面对 421 名 11-18 岁参与者进行了调查。目标 1 将估计砷暴露的关联儿童期和青春期的青少年 EF。目标 2 将估计毒死蜱和儿童期和青春期拟除虫菊酯暴露对青少年 EF 的影响。目标 3 将调查以下关联：通过采用新颖的混合统计模型，将青春期期间的三种暴露组合在 EF 上影响。实现这些目标将对来自美国和美国的城市西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童产生积极影响。拉丁美洲： (1) 为弱势群体 NDD 的环境风险因素研究奠定基础城市社区，(2) 更好地认识现实世界共同接触污染物的影响，以及 (3) 为教育计划提供信息，使护理人员、卫生和教育系统更加了解情况，提供适当的护理以及预防计划，以降低社区中的暴露程度不成比例地接触环境毒物并受其影响。