New psychoactive substance exposure among NYC nightclub and festival attendees

纽约夜总会和节日参加者接触新的精神活性物质

基本信息

批准号：
10734617
负责人：
Joseph J Palamar
金额：
$ 69.73万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-15 至 2027-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10734617
关键词：
Adult Adverse drug effect Adverse effects Attention Case Study Cessation of life Cocaine Dancing Diffuse Drug Exposure Drug usage Electronic Mail Electronics Enrollment Epidemiology Event Exposure to Fentanyl Festival Future General Population Hair Harm Reduction Heroin Hospitalization Hospitals Ketamine Methamphetamine Methods Mollies Music New York City Opioid Outcome Overdose Participant Patient Self-Report Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Poisoning Population Prevalence Prevention Probability Samples Reporting Research Personnel Risk Factors Saliva Sampling Schedule Scientist Secure Seizures Social Network Specimen Surveys Testing Theoretical model Toxicology Work adverse outcome bath salts cocaine exposure cocaine use drug testing ecstasy epidemiology study fentanyl analog fentanyl exposure follow-up heroin use high risk high risk population impression innovation novel therapeutics predictive test prevent recruit saliva sample salivary assay synthetic cannabinoid time use trend willingness

项目摘要

New psychoactive substances (NPS) such as fentanyl analogs, synthetic cannabinoids, and synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”) continue to emerge at an alarming rate. We know very little about prevalence of exposure or about effects of these drugs as they emerge—largely because most people exposed are unaware that they used (as these are common adulterants added to drugs like ecstasy and heroin). More advanced toxicology methods are needed to detect exposures and most toxicology studies rely on biospecimens from those who have been hospitalized. Epidemiological survey framework including toxicology methods can help overcome the biases of relying on poisonings and quickly provide information on exposure and effects to those recently exposed, and to scientists and the public. As such, we propose this R01 which examines trends in reported drug use among a high-risk population—electronic dance music (EDM) party attendees. People who attend EDM events (at nightclubs and festivals) are at high risk for use of drugs—particularly NPS, cocaine, ecstasy (MDMA, Molly), LSD, methamphetamine, and opioids—and related adverse outcomes, including death. Given that this high-risk scene may serve as a bellwether for trends that diffuse to the general population, results will help prevent use, overdose, and death not only among EDM partygoers, but also in the general population. Through projects conducted by this team of investigators conducted between 2016 and 2021, we have identified dramatic increases in drug use and unintentional exposure to NPS. In this R01, we will continue to utilize our current R01’s recruitment methods and validated rapid drug survey (which queries use of >100 drugs) to estimate trends in drug use, but we will focus more on our new and innovative toxicological methods. Our toxicology methods will now use saliva testing to test for exposure to >1,000 drugs (including over 120 fentanyl analogs). All participants will be asked their willingness to provide a saliva sample and to take a follow-up survey to assess potential drug-related adverse effects during their night out. We will recruit 4,160 adults entering EDM parties continuously over four years using time-space sampling. This study will allow us to determine who was recently exposed to NPS (which most other labs cannot yet detect) and determine whether factors such as honesty and attention on the survey predict testing positive after not reporting use (based on our modified Impression Management theoretical model). We have confirmed the feasibility of our methods and propose four aims. First, we will estimate the extent to which saliva testing adds to prevalence of reported drug use. Second, we will determine effect profiles of exposure to new NPS as they emerge. Third, we will determine if events such as DEA scheduling of NPS predict changes in trends of NPS exposure. Fourth, we will determine if shifts in use and adverse effects are a bellwether for drug-related outcomes. We will rapidly disseminate our findings regarding NPS exposure and NPS effects in this high-risk population to prevent use and associated harms among EDM partygoers as well as the general public.

新的精神活性物质（NPS），例如芬太尼类似物、合成大麻素和合成卡西酮（“浴盐”）继续以惊人的速度出现，我们对卡西酮的流行情况知之甚少。接触这些药物或了解这些药物出现时的影响——很大程度上是因为大多数接触过的人都不知道他们使用的（因为这些是添加到摇头丸和海洛因等药物中的常见掺杂剂）。需要毒理学方法来检测暴露情况，大多数毒理学研究依赖于生物样本包括毒理学方法在内的流行病学调查框架可以提供帮助。克服依赖中毒的偏见，并快速向那些人提供有关暴露和影响的信息最近暴露给科学家和公众，因此，我们提出了这个 R01，它检查了趋势。据报道，高危人群——电子舞曲 (EDM) 派对参加者中使用了药物。参加 EDM 活动（夜总会和节日）吸毒的风险很高，特别是 NPS、可卡因、摇头丸（MDMA、Molly）、LSD、甲基苯丙胺和阿片类药物——以及相关的不良后果，包括鉴于这种高风险场景可能会成为扩散到大众的趋势的风向标。人口，结果将有助于防止使用、过量和死亡，不仅在 EDM 派对常客中，而且在通过该研究小组在 2016 年至 2016 年期间开展的项目。到 2021 年，我们发现吸毒和无意接触 NPS 的情况急剧增加。将继续利用我们当前的 R01 招募方法和经过验证的快速药物调查（查询使用 >100 种药物）来估计药物使用趋势，但我们将更多地关注我们的新产品和创新产品我们的毒理学方法现在将使用唾液测试来测试超过 1,000 种药物的暴露情况。（包括超过 120 种芬太尼类似物）。所有参与者都将被询问是否愿意提供唾液样本。并进行后续调查以评估他们晚上外出时潜在的药物相关不良反应。本研究采用时空抽样方法，在四年内连续招募 4,160 名成年人加入 EDM 派对。将使我们能够确定谁最近接触过 NPS（大多数其他实验室尚无法检测到）以及确定诚实和对调查的关注等因素是否可以预测测试结果呈阳性报告使用（基于我们修改后的印象管理理论模型）。我们的方法的可行性并提出四个目标首先，我们将估计唾液测试的增加程度。其次，我们将确定接触新的 NPS 的影响概况。第三，我们将确定 NPS 的 DEA 调度等事件是否可以预测 NPS 趋势的变化。第四，我们将确定使用的转变和不良反应是否是药物相关的先兆。我们将迅速传播我们关于这一高风险地区的 NPS 暴露和 NPS 影响的调查结果。防止 EDM 派对常客以及公众的使用和相关危害。