Understanding Adolescent In-Vivo Exposure to Alcohol Content in the Media

了解青少年体内接触媒体中酒精含量的情况

• 批准号: 10260516
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 66.9万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-10 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10260516
• 关键词: 18 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attitude; Back; Behavior; Brain; Cellular Phone; Cognition; Cognitive; Consensus; Development; Devices; Ecological momentary assessment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Esthesia; Etiology; Event; Expectancy; Exposure to; Film; Focus Groups; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Grain; Image; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Learning; Literacy Programs; Measurement; Measures; Media Intervention; Mediation; Mental Health; Methods; Modification; Music; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Perception; Population; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Protocols documentation; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Shapes; Source; Surveys; Tablets; Television; Testing; Text; Time; TimeLine; Video Games; Work; Youth; adverse outcome; age group; alcohol content; alcohol exposure; alcohol involvement; alcohol use initiation; base; conditioning; demographics; design; digital; digital media; dosage; drinking; experience; hazard; improved; in vivo; intervention program; legal drinking age; literacy; movie; parental influence; peer; physical conditioning; portability; prospective; prototype; public health relevance; smartphone Application; social; social factors; social media; social norm; success; therapy development; underage drinking; virtual; willingness

ABSTRACT Initiation of alcohol use typically occurs well before the legal drinking age, which is concerning as early use is associated with short and long-term adverse outcomes including acute and prolonged neurobiological effects. For youth, the media constitutes a primary source of learning about alcohol. Entertainment media frequently features images of and references to alcohol, associating alcohol use with social, sexual, and financial success, with little depiction of the hazards of drinking. Moreover, alcohol content is easily accessible via new (digital) media platforms such as social media and YouTube which are highly interactive, allowing for user engagement through exchange and manipulation of information. Adolescents are high consumers of media and with the proliferation of smartphones and tablets, youth have anytime, anywhere, on-demand access to media alcohol content. Yet, virtually no information is known about in vivo exposure to such content in terms of frequency/duration, medium/format, and context. Study Aim 1 will quantify and characterize in vivo exposure to alcohol content in entertainment media (film, TV, popular music) and new media (social media, YouTube, internet, video gaming). Aim 2 will examine bi-directional prospective associations between in vivo exposure to alcohol media content and alcohol use across short-term and longer-term timeframes and Aim 3 will identify mechanisms of this association; an exploratory aim will test moderation of these associations by key individual and contextual risk factors. Etiological research points to several cognitive and social mechanisms underlying the association between in vivo media alcohol exposure and drinking, including perceived norms, cognitions (expectancies, drinker prototypes), identity, and attitudes (favorability, evaluative conditioning). Using a 3-wave measurement burst design, 300 youth age 15-18 will complete a 3-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol using a Smartphone app. Participants will be asked to provide event-level information upon encountering alcohol content and if possible, to upload a screenshot, photo, or text description of the exposure. Event surveys are paired with random-prompted EMA surveys as well as weekly surveys assessing alcohol use and longer surveys prior to each burst to measure risk factors and media utilization. Existing media intervention programs are unequipped to handle new media, fail to target adolescents, a group arguably at greatest need for intervention, and do not target media as it is experienced in vivo on portable devices. Fine- grained ecological studies such as this are needed to shape the content of just-in-time (JiT) interventions and to inform the best timing of intervention delivery, with the goal of producing reductions in underage alcohol use. In Aim 4, focus groups with a subset (n=48) of participants will provide understanding of the perceived impact of alcohol-related media content on behavior and cognitions to inform intervention development. This project uses a timely ecological approach to answer the fundamental question of how media alcohol content elevates underage drinking risk to optimally inform next steps in preventive media literacy intervention research.

抽象的 开始饮酒通常发生在法定饮酒年龄之前，这令人担忧，因为过早饮酒会影响健康。 与短期和长期不良后果相关，包括急性和长期的神经生物学影响。 对于年轻人来说，媒体是了解酒精的主要来源。娱乐媒体频频 以酒精的图像和参考为特色，将饮酒与社交、性和经济联系起来 成功，但很少描述饮酒的危害。此外，通过新的方法可以轻松获取酒精含量 （数字）媒体平台，例如社交媒体和 YouTube，具有高度互动性，允许用户 通过交换和操纵信息进行参与。青少年是媒体的高消费者 随着智能手机和平板电脑的普及，年轻人可以随时随地按需访问 媒体酒精含量。然而，实际上没有关于体内暴露于此类内容的信息 频率/持续时间、媒介/格式和上下文。研究目标 1 将量化和表征体内暴露 娱乐媒体（电影、电视、流行音乐）和新媒体（社交媒体、YouTube、 互联网、视频游戏）。目标 2 将检查体内暴露之间的双向前瞻性关联 短期和长期时间范围内的酒精媒体内容和酒精使用情况，目标 3 将确定 本协会的机制；探索性目标将测试关键人物对这些关联的调节 和背景风险因素。病因学研究指出了几种潜在的认知和社会机制 体内媒体酒精暴露与饮酒之间的关联，包括感知规范、认知 （期望、饮酒者原型）、身份和态度（好感度、评价调节）。使用3波 测量爆发设计，300名15-18岁青少年将完成为期3周的生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 协议使用智能手机应用程序。参与者将被要求提供活动级别的信息 遇到酒精含量，如果可能，上传暴露的屏幕截图、照片或文字描述。 事件调查与随机提示的 EMA 调查以及评估酒精的每周调查配对 在每次突发之前使用和更长时间的调查来衡量风险因素和媒体利用率。现有媒体 干预计划没有能力处理新媒体，未能针对青少年，这一群体可以说是 最大程度地需要干预，并且不要针对媒体，因为它是在便携式设备上在体内经历的。美好的- 需要进行诸如此类的细致生态研究来塑造及时（JiT）干预措施的内容和 告知实施干预措施的最佳时机，以减少未成年人饮酒。 在目标 4 中，由一小部分参与者 (n=48) 组成的焦点小组将提供对感知影响的理解 与酒精相关的媒体内容对行为和认知的影响，为干预措施的制定提供信息。这个项目 采用及时的生态方法来回答媒体酒精含量如何升高的基本问题 未成年人饮酒风险，为预防性媒体素养干预研究的后续步骤提供最佳信息。