Motivational and Contextual Influences on Patterns of Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana Use: A Daily Assessment Study

动机和背景对同时饮酒和大麻使用模式的影响：每日评估研究

• 批准号: 9326979
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 69.91万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9326979
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Administrator; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Cereals; Chronic; Coupled; Data; Development; Distal; Epidemiology; Frequencies; Future; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Laws; Legal; Legal Status; Marijuana; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Motivation; Nature; Online Systems; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Persons; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Professional counselor; Public Health; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Severities; Site; Social Conformity; Social Environment; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Universities; Washington; Well in self; Youth; college; contextual factors; design; deviant; dosage; experience; falls; high risk behavior; improved; innovation; insight; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana user; multilevel analysis; outcome prediction; peer; physical conditioning; prospective; social; university student

A large majority of college marijuana users engage in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use, which results in a greater number and severity of consequences than when either alcohol or marijuana is used alone. Given ongoing legal changes regarding recreational marijuana use, it is likely that SAM use will continue to increase. Most research to date on SAM use has been cross-sectional, retrospective, and/or focused on a single use occasion, and the bulk of research occurred prior to the recent changes in marijuana laws. Further, little is known about what distinguishes frequent SAM users from infrequent SAM users and non-SAM alcohol and marijuana users, and even less is known about specific occasions of SAM use. Therefore, it is imperative to understand more about the epidemiology of this phenomenon and the potentially unique motivational and contextual factors influencing SAM use, as well as subjective effects and use-related consequences. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) obtain contemporary data comparing occasions of SAM use to occasions of alcohol and marijuana use alone, in terms of prevalence, frequency, patterning, mode/type of use, and use- related consequences; and 2) test a developmental, interactive model examining within- and between- individual proximal and distal predictors of SAM use and examine the moderating effects of motivations and contexts on patterns of SAM use, occasions of SAM use, and subsequent negative consequences. We will compare occasions of SAM use to separate occasions of alcohol and marijuana use (within-individual comparison) and compare frequent SAM users to infrequent SAM users and non-SAM alcohol and marijuana users (between-individual comparison), as well as between-individual differences in within-individual associations. This project will examine present-day SAM use among 1,440 college students (ages 18-24) at three state universities, each with very different state laws regarding marijuana use, using a two-phase approach: a larger survey assessment (Phase 1) coupled with a fine-grained daily survey design (Phase 2). The longer survey will be administered prior to each 4-week daily assessment period to 480 students per campus. Daily web-based surveys will also be administered to a subsample of 120 students per campus for 4 weeks during the fall and again during the spring. A secondary aim of this study is to determine if the motivational and contextual influences on SAM use generalize across sites varying in marijuana legal status. Multilevel models will be used to determine predictors and outcomes as a function of whether use is simultaneous or separate. This innovative, multi-site study will provide a theoretical and empirical basis for designing preventive interventions to reduce SAM use and related consequences by determining motivational and contextual targets for interventions as well as actual and perceived norms regarding SAM use. The results of the proposed research will provide critical and timely information to meet the needs of college administrators and counselors and also inform the marijuana legalization debate.

绝大多数大学大麻使用者同时使用酒精和大麻 (SAM)，这 与单独使用酒精或大麻相比，会导致更多和更严重的后果。 鉴于有关娱乐性大麻使用的法律不断变化，SAM 的使用很可能会继续 增加。迄今为止，大多数关于 SAM 使用的研究都是横断面的、回顾性的和/或集中于 一次性使用，并且大部分研究是在大麻法律最近发生变化之前进行的。更远， 对于经常使用 SAM 的人与不经常使用 SAM 的人以及非 SAM 酒精的区别，人们知之甚少 和大麻使用者，对 SAM 使用的具体场合知之甚少。因此，势在必行 进一步了解这种现象的流行病学以及潜在的独特动机和 影响 SAM 使用的背景因素，以及主观影响和与使用相关的后果。这 本研究的具体目的是： 1) 获得比较 SAM 使用场合的当代数据 单独使用酒精和大麻的情况，包括流行率、频率、模式、使用模式/类型和使用情况- 相关后果； 2）测试一个发展的、交互式的模型，检查内部和之间 SAM 使用的个体近端和远端预测因子，并检查动机和行为的调节作用 SAM 使用模式、SAM 使用场合以及随后的负面后果的背景。我们将 将 SAM 使用场合与酒精和大麻使用场合（个人内部）进行比较 比较）并将频繁的 SAM 用户与不频繁的 SAM 用户以及非 SAM 酒精和大麻进行比较 用户（个体之间的比较），以及个体内部的个体之间的差异 协会。该项目将调查 1,440 名大学生（18-24 岁）目前 SAM 的使用情况， 三所州立大学，每所大学关于大麻使用的州法律都截然不同，采用两阶段 方法：更大规模的调查评估（第一阶段）加上细粒度的日常调查设计（第二阶段）。 较长的调查将在每个为期 4 周的每日评估期之前进行，每个调查对象为 480 名学生。 校园。还将对每个校园 120 名学生进行为期 4 年的每日网络调查 秋季期间几周，春季期间再次。本研究的第二个目的是确定是否 动机和背景对 SAM 使用的影响普遍存在于大麻合法地位不同的网站中。 多级模型将用于根据是否使用来确定预测变量和结果 同时或分开。这项创新的、多地点的研究将为 通过确定动机来设计预防性干预措施，以减少 SAM 的使用和相关后果 干预措施的背景目标以及有关 SAM 使用的实际和感知规范。结果 拟议研究将提供重要且及时的信息，以满足大学管理人员的需求 和顾问，并为大麻合法化辩论提供信息。