Prevalence, onset and progression of substance use in adolescents and young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders

患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年和年轻人物质使用的患病率、发病率和进展

• 批准号: 10338188
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 68.39万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-05 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10338188
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Anxiety Disorders; Assessment tool; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Benchmarking; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Data; Demographic Factors; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Drug Prescriptions; Drug usage; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Exposure to; Family; Family history of; Future; General Population; Gold; Health; Health Professional; Independent Living; Individual; Informal Social Control; Interview; Language; Lead; Literature; Longitudinal cohort; Marijuana; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Monitor; Parents; Participant; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Psychiatric therapeutic procedure; Registries; Reporting; Research; Rhode Island; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scandinavian; Social Controls; Social Environment; Societies; Structure; Subgroup; Supervision; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Youth; adolescent with autism spectrum disorder; alcohol and other drug; alcohol risk; alcohol screening; alcohol use disorder; autism spectrum disorder; base; biological sex; brief prevention intervention; clinical practice; college; comorbidity; drinking onset; experience; high risk; high school; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; male; marijuana use; misuse of prescription only drugs; parental monitoring; peer; population based; protective factors; psychoeducation; social anxiety; substance use; trend; vaping; virtual; young adult; young adult with autism spectrum disorder

Project Summary Alcohol use and alcohol use disorders (AUD) in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been considered rare by mental health professionals. This conclusion has primarily been based on clinical experience as the empirical literature on alcohol and other drug (AOD) use in the US is virtually nonexistent. Scandinavian health registry studies suggest AOD use is lower in the ASD population overall compared to the general public. Clinical studies also indicate lower rates of AOD in persons diagnosed with ASD compared to persons diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, rates of AOD use as high as 30% have been reported in the ASD population. In addition, there appear to be subgroups of persons with ASD, such as those with co-occurring Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), with substantial rates of AOD use and AUDs that not only rival persons with other psychiatric disorders, but also indicate a need for proper identification and, when indicated, treatment. Importantly, prevalence estimates for ASD have increased in the past 10-20 years and a large proportion of that increase includes individuals with higher cognitive and language functioning. This subset of the ASD population is more likely to be included in and exposed to normative educational and social contexts, increasing risk for AOD use. The literature strongly supports the need for detailed and reliable information on the prevalence of AOD in a representative sample of adolescents and young adults with ASD in the US. In this application, we propose to assess a large, well-characterized, population-based ASD sample (Rhode Island Consortium for Autism Research and Treatment- RI-CART) that will enable us to provide, by far, the most in- depth characterization of AOD use and AUD prevalence in the ASD population in the US, as well as data regarding AOD onset and rate of progression to more severe use and AUDs. Equally important is the need to verify, or refute, risk and protective factors for AOD in this population. We will examine comorbid conditions, with specific focus on ADHD and anxiety disorders. We will also characterize the factors inducing risk of AOD use at critical junctions for adolescents and young adults with ASD, such as the transition to independent living, which is often associated with greater peer contact and less structure and social control. We propose to study a subsample of RI-CART participants (N=410) age 12-24 years, who either have an IQ ≥ 85 or an IQ ≥ 75 and are verbally fluent, in a 4-wave longitudinal, cohort-sequential study. We will examine AOD use in relation to age, as well as in relation to key developmental transitions (e.g., into and from high school, into supervised living or independent living/college).

项目概要 自闭症青少年和年轻人的饮酒和酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 心理健康专家认为谱系障碍（ASD）很少见。 结论主要基于临床经验作为酒精的实证文献 斯堪的纳维亚地区的健康登记研究几乎不存在。 表明与普通公众相比，自闭症谱系障碍人群中 AOD 的总体使用率较低。 研究还表明，与正常人相比，诊断为 ASD 的人 AOD 发生率较低 然而，被诊断患有其他精神疾病的 AOD 使用率高达 30%。 此外，似乎还有一些患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人群。 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD)，例如同时患有注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 的患者， AOD 使用率和 AUD 的高比例不仅可以与其他精神病患者相媲美 疾病，但也表明需要正确识别，并在有指征时进行治疗。 重要的是，在过去 10-20 年中，自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患病率估计有所增加，并且大量 其中认知和语言功能较高的人占增长的比例。 自闭症谱系障碍人群的这个子集更有可能被纳入并接触规范 教育和社会背景，增加了 AOD 使用的风险。文献强烈支持。 需要有关代表中 AOD 患病率的详细且可靠的信息 在本申请中，我们建议收集美国患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年和年轻人的样本。 评估一个大型的、特征明确的、基于人群的自闭症谱系障碍样本（罗德岛联盟 自闭症研究和治疗 - RI-CART）将使我们能够提供迄今为止最先进的 美国 ASD 人群中 AOD 使用和 AUD 患病率的深度特征，如 以及有关 AOD 发作和进展为更严重使用的速率和 AUD 的数据。 同样重要的是需要验证或反驳 AOD 的风险和保护因素。 我们将检查合并症，特别关注多动症和焦虑症。 我们还将描述在关键连接点使用 AOD 的诱发风险因素。 患有 ASD 的青少年和年轻人，例如向独立生活的过渡，这是 通常与更多的同伴接触和更少的结构和社会控制相关。 研究年龄 12-24 岁的 RI-CART 参与者子样本 (N=410)，他们的智商 ≥ 在一项 4 波纵向队列研究中，85 或 IQ ≥ 75 并且言语流利。 将检查 AOD 的使用与年龄以及关键发育转变的关系 （例如，进出高中、进入受监督的生活或独立生活/大学）。