Developmental Methodology as Applied to Research on Adolescent Alcohol Use

发展方法论应用于青少年酒精使用研究

• 批准号: 8581159
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 14.18万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8581159
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Attention; Award; Behavior; Characteristics; Collaborations; Computer software; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Educational workshop; Etiology; Family Study; Funding; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Independent Scientist Award; Individual; Intoxication; Joints; Knowledge; Leisure Activities; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Manuscripts; Measurement; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Metric; Michigan; Minnesota; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Paper; Performance; Population; Prevention strategy; Problem behavior; Process; Psychopathology; Reading; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Rhode Island; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Social Environment; Staging; Statistical Models; Stress; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training Activity; Translating; Twin Multiple Birth; Youth; adverse outcome; age related; alcohol availability; alcohol expectancy; alcohol involvement; alcohol related problem; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; binge drinking; career; career development; cohort; computerized data processing; design; developmental psychology; dissemination research; drinking; early alcohol use; early drinking; family influence; follow-up; improved; innovation; meetings; model development; peer influence; physical conditioning; prospective; public health relevance; skills; social; success; symposium; theories; underage drinker; underage drinking; underage drinking reduction; willingness; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this independent scientist award (K02) application is to provide the Candidate with protected time to conduct research on initiation and progression of alcohol use. A host of powerful analytic methods and readily available specialized software have recently been developed that allow for empirical testing of hypotheses of change, but recent emphasis on statistical advances may divert attention from theory. Making inferences about age-related changes from empirical data requires attention to issues of design, measurement, and analysis. To the degree that the issues affect the correspondence between statistical models and theories of development, our ability to validly test developmental theory is threatened. This proposal seeks to illustrate and address key challenges that arise when translating theory to empirical findings by applying newly emerging methods for modeling development. These include developmental (dis)continuity, heterotypic continuity, approaches to modeling covariates, origin and metric of the time scale, and cohort sequential design. Developmental methods will be applied to four prospective datasets on underage alcohol use: three secondary datasets that span adolescence through young adulthood and the Candidate's NIAAA-funded study, "Initiation and Progression through Early Drinking Milestones in Underage Drinkers" (R01 AA016838), a study exploring characteristics of the early drinking career in a multi-cohort sample of 1,023 Rhode Island middle schoolers, for which data collection is ongoing and data processing is underway. The secondary datasets, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97), the Michigan Longitudinal Study (MLS), and the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS), offer advantages with regard to sampling, follow-up interval and duration, operationalization of alcohol involvement, and type of risk factors assessed. Together, these four datasets will address important substantive research questions about the predictive utility of drinking precursors and risk factors at the level of the individual social context, and broader context, as well as outcomes of risky alcohol use. In addition, the extent to which initiation and progression vary by age, across stage of alcohol involvement, and over important life transitions will be examined. Career development activities take the form of research collaborations with nationally recognized consultants in the fields of quantitative psychology and developmental psychopathology that regularly develop, adapt, and employ methods to address questions of development using prospective data. These collaborations will result in joint manuscripts and will provide support for extensive, iterative interactions. Formal training activities include workshop attendance, didactic readings, and dissemination to the field in the form of review papers, symposia, and topical meetings. By the end of the award period, the Candidate will have the skills to bridge state-of-the-art emerging analytic techniques with developmental theory to substantially advance our knowledge of the etiology of alcohol initiation and progression of use and will be a leading expert in the application of models of change.

描述（由申请人提供）：该独立科学家奖（K02）申请的目标是为候选人提供受保护的时间来对酒精使用的开始和进展进行研究。最近开发了许多强大的分析方法和现成的专用软件，可以对变化假设进行实证检验，但最近对统计进展的强调可能会转移对理论的注意力。从经验数据推断与年龄相关的变化需要注意设计、测量和分析问题。如果这些问题影响统计模型和发展理论之间的对应关系，我们有效检验发展理论的能力就会受到威胁。该提案旨在说明和解决通过应用新兴的建模方法将理论转化为实证结果时出现的关键挑战。其中包括发育（不）连续性、异型连续性、协变量建模方法、时间尺度的起源和度量以及队列序贯设计。发展方法将应用于关于未成年人饮酒的四个前瞻性数据集：三个跨越青春期到青年期的二级数据集，以及候选人的 NIAAA 资助的研究“未成年饮酒者早期饮酒里程碑的开始和进展”（R01 AA016838）。在 1,023 名罗德岛州中学生的多队列样本中探索早期饮酒生涯的特征，该样本的数据收集正在进行中，数据处理正在进行中。二级数据集，全国青年纵向调查 (NLSY97)、密歇根纵向研究 (MLS) 和明尼苏达双胞胎家庭研究 (MTFS)，在抽样、随访间隔和持续时间、酒精参与的操作化方面提供了优势，以及评估的风险因素类型。这四个数据集将共同解决有关饮酒前体的预测效用和个人社会背景和更广泛背景下的风险因素以及危险饮酒的结果的重要实质性研究问题。此外，还将检查起始和进展的程度随年龄、酒精参与阶段以及重要的人生转变而变化。职业发展活动采取与全国公认的定量心理学和发展精神病理学领域的顾问进行研究合作的形式，这些顾问定期开发、调整和采用使用前瞻性数据解决发展问题的方法。这些合作将产生联合手稿，并将为广泛、迭代的互动提供支持。正式培训活动包括参加研讨会、教学阅读以及以评论论文、研讨会和专题会议的形式向现场传播。到奖励期结束时，候选人将具备将最先进的新兴分析技术与发展理论联系起来的技能，以大幅提高我们对酒精引发和使用进展的病因学的了解，并将成为领先的专家在变革模型的应用中。