Genes, Environment, Family and Mental Health

基因、环境、家庭和心理健康

• 批准号: 9127827
• 负责人: William G. Axinn
• 金额: $ 29.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-11 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9127827
• 关键词: Age of Onset; Asia; Calendar; Communities; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); DNA; Data; Demography; Development; Disease; Documentation; Elderly; Endowment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Etiology; European; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family Study; Family health status; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genomics; Genotype; Health; Health Surveys; Household; Individual; International; Learning; Life; Major Depressive Disorder; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Mental disorders; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Nepal; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Phenotype; Policies; Population; Population Group; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevalence; Psychopathology; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Saliva; Sampling; Services; Shapes; Shipping; Ships; Social Environment; Social support; Source; South Asian; Surveys; Symptoms; Time; Variant; Violence; adverse outcome; alcohol use disorder; arm; base; case control; data sharing; design; disability; experience; gene environment interaction; genetic analysis; genetic risk factor; genome-wide; improved; life history; mental health epidemiology; migration; novel strategies; population based; prospective; psychogenetics; resilience

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Psychiatric disorders are the leading source of disability worldwide. In addition to the individual suffering they entail, the disability associate with these disorders includes substantial consequences for family and health outcomes. Dissecting the relationship among family, community and psychiatric factors is complex because of the high potential for reciprocal causation among them. The result is a formidable challenge to understanding the role of psychiatric disorders in a wide range of adverse outcomes. The first step toward disentangling this complex relationship is to identify the role of causal factors that precede the formation of psychiatric disorders so that subsequent steps can estimate the mediating power of psychiatric disorders in long-term outcomes, such as family change and variation. Here we propose to take this first step using a transformative new approach with the potential to significantly advance the study of both mental health and family. This project will capitalize on a confluence of unprecedented opportunities to advance our understanding of the formation of psychiatric disorders. We propose to integrate: (1) a long-term community and family panel study with exceptional measurement of social environment (the Chitwan Valley Family Study - CVFS); (2) a setting of unusually high exposures to risk factors (South Asia); and (3) recent advances in psychiatric genetics that have identified polygenic risk profiles contributing to psychiatric disorders. We focus on three psychiatric phenotypes that are common and have the best established relationship to family and social environment: major depressive disorder (MDD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol use disorders (AUD). Our specific aims are: (Aim 1) Create a unique scientific resource by collecting psychiatric phenotypes, demographic information and biospecimens from participants in the CVFS. The CVFS is an existing NICHD- funded study comprising 9,499 individuals from 2,600 households in various sub-population groups; (Aim 2) Conduct demographic/epidemiologic analyses to identify key predictors of psychiatric disorder in a large population-based sample of South Asian families and communities in a controlled-comparison design; (Aim 3) Perform genome wide genotyping and conduct analyses to examine the role of polygenic risk scores and genetic modifiers of environmental risk and resilience factors. The successful completion of these aims will: (1) For the first time, extend both the demography/epidemiology of mental health and psychiatric genetic findings from the European Diaspora to South Asian populations; (2) Establish the role of community change and gene- environment interactions in producing common psychiatric disorders most likely to shape long-term family outcomes; and (3) Create a transformative new resource for the scientific community to harness advances in our understanding of psychiatric disorders to learn the potential of those disorders to shape many different later life personal, family and health outcomes.

 描述（由申请人提供）：精神疾病是全世界残疾的主要原因。除了给个人带来痛苦外，与这些疾病相关的残疾还对家庭和健康结果造成重大影响。剖析家庭、社区和精神疾病之间的关系。由于这些因素之间存在很大的相互因果关系，因此对理解精神疾病在各种不良后果中的作用提出了巨大的挑战，要解开这种复杂的关系，第一步就是要确定其中的因果关系。精神疾病形成之前的因果因素的作用，以便后续步骤可以估计精神疾病对长期结果（例如家庭变化和变异）的调节作用。在这里，我们建议使用变革性的新方法来迈出第一步。显着推进心理健康和家庭研究的潜力 该项目将利用前所未有的机会来增进我们对精神疾病形成的理解。我们建议整合：（1）长期的社区和家庭。对社会环境进行特殊测量的小组研究（奇特旺山谷）家庭研究 - CVFS）；（2）危险因素暴露程度异常高（南亚）；以及（3）精神遗传学的最新进展，确定了导致精神疾病的多基因风险特征。常见且与家庭和社会环境关系密切的疾病：重度抑郁症 (MDD)、创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 和酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 我们的具体目标是：（目标 1）创建独特的治疗方法。通过收集精神病学的科学资源（目标 2）在受控比较设计中进行人口/流行病学分析，以确定南亚家庭和社区的大量人口样本中精神疾病的关键预测因素；（目标 3）进行全基因组基因分型并进行分析以检查的作用环境风险和复原力因素的多基因风险评分和遗传修正将：（1）首次将心理健康的人口学/流行病学和精神病学遗传发现从欧洲侨民扩展到南亚人群。 (2) 确定社区变化和基因-环境相互作用在产生最有可能影响长期家庭结局的常见精神疾病中的作用；以及 (3) 为科学界创造一个变革性的新资源，以利用我们对精神病学理解的进步；学习潜力的障碍这些疾病会塑造许多不同的晚年个人、家庭和健康结果。