Development and Prevention of Substance Abuse Problems

药物滥用问题的发展和预防

• 批准号: 8081341
• 负责人: KENNETH A DODGE
• 金额: $ 3.9万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-20 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8081341
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adult; Adverse effects; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Ankyrin Repeat; Behavior; Candidate Disease Gene; Child; Child Development; Cholinergic Receptors; Cognitive; Communities; Comorbidity; Conduct Disorder; Control Groups; DRD2 gene; Development; Diagnosis; Discipline; Environment; Enzymes; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Factor Analysis; Failure; Fast Track intervention; Female; GABA Receptor; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genotype; Geographic Locations; Goals; Growth; Intervention; Joints; Lead; Life; Life Experience; Longevity; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental disorders; Modeling; Monoamine Oxidase A; Muscarinics; Neurotransmitters; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Participant; Pattern; Phosphotransferases; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Probability; Problem behavior; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Records; Request for Applications; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Rural; Sampling; Schools; Science; Site; Social Problems; Stress; Subgroup; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Violence; Youth; anti social; base; deviant; efficacy testing; elementary school; endophenotype; experience; follow-up; gene environment interaction; girls; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; improved; information processing; intervention effect; kindergarten; male; maltreatment; model development; peer; prevent; prospective; psychologic; public health relevance; resilience; serotonin transporter; social; young adult; youth conduct problem

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this competing continuation project is to test models of the development and prevention of three inter-related antisocial problems in young adulthood: violence, substance abuse, and risky sexual behavior. Joint consideration of these three diverse problem domains holds promise because of the "syndemic" of parallel epidemics, comorbidity, similar epidemiology, and the possibility that isolated prevention efforts fail precisely because of the failure to consider joint effects. The investigators will test three major hypotheses: 1) these problems are comorbid across development, with early conduct problems leading to each adult outcome; 2) a comorbid antisocial behavior pattern develops as a dynamic cascade, in which early risk factors dispose a child to later risk factors, which lead to problem outcomes. The model posits gene-environment interactions that are mediated through acquired social information-processing patterns. Domain-specific outcomes also develop through specific affordance experiences; and 3) random assignment to preventive intervention will reduce the probability of each of antisocial outcome in adulthood, with moderation by genetic and early-life factors and mediation by intervention effects on early conduct problems and social-cognitive patterns. The samples come from two independent, ongoing prospective studies of conduct disorder, the Child Development Project (CDP) and Fast Track (FT). The CDP has followed a community sample of 585 preschool males and females who are now 26 years old, with high (90 percent) retention after 22 years. The FT Project is a multi-site randomized clinical trial, in which 891 early-starting, conduct-problem youth (31 percent girls; 51 percent African-American) were assigned in kindergarten to receive (or not) a 10-year comprehensive intervention to prevent conduct disorder and have been followed through age 24 with high (83 percent) retention of participants. In the proposed project, identical measures of violence, substance-use problems, and risky sexual behaviors will be assessed in the CDP through age 31 and in FT through age 29. Growth analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, and structural equation modeling will test hypotheses. Relevance to public health: This project will contribute to the discovery of ways to prevent young adult antisocial problems, including violence, substance abuse, and risky sexual behaviors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will increase our understanding of how problems of violence, substance abuse, and risky sexual behavior develop across the lifespan and relate to each other. It will test the efficacy of a long-term intervention to prevent these problems in young adulthood.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个竞争性延续项目的目标是测试青年期三种相互关联的反社会问题的发展和预防模型：暴力、药物滥用和危险性行为。共同考虑这三个不同的问题领域是有希望的，因为平行流行病、合并症、相似的流行病学的“综合症”，以及孤立的预防工作可能因未能考虑联合效应而失败的可能性。研究人员将测试三个主要假设：1）这些问题在整个发育过程中是共存的，早期行为问题会导致每个成人的结果； 2）共病的反社会行为模式以动态级联的形式发展，其中早期的风险因素使儿童面临后来的风险因素，从而导致问题结果。该模型假设基因与环境的相互作用是通过获得的社会信息处理模式来介导的。特定领域的成果也通过特定的可供性体验而发展； 3）随机分配预防性干预将减少成年后每种反社会结果的可能性，并通过遗传和早期生活因素进行调节，并通过对早期行为问题和社会认知模式的干预效果进行调节。这些样本来自两项独立的、正在进行的行为障碍前瞻性研究，即儿童发展项目 (CDP) 和快速通道 (FT)。 CDP 对 585 名现年 26 岁的学龄前男性和女性进行了社区抽样调查，22 年后保留率很高（90%）。 FT 项目是一项多中心随机临床试验，其中 891 名早起、有品行问题的青少年（31% 为女孩；51% 为非洲裔美国人）被分配到幼儿园接受（或不接受）为期 10 年的综合干预旨在预防品行障碍，并一直跟踪至 24 岁，参与者的保留率很高（83%）。在拟议的项目中，将在 31 岁之前的 CDP 和 29 岁之前的 FT 中评估暴力、药物使用问题和危险性行为的相同措施。增长分析、验证性因素分析和结构方程模型将检验假设。与公共卫生的相关性：该项目将有助于发现预防年轻人反社会问题的方法，包括暴力、药物滥用和危险性行为。公共卫生相关性：该项目将加深我们对暴力、药物滥用和危险性行为问题在整个生命周期中如何发展以及如何相互关联的理解。它将测试长期干预措施在青少年时期预防这些问题的有效性。