Food and Non-Food Self-Regulation in Children's Obesity Risk: A Biopsychosocial Perspective

儿童肥胖风险中的食品和非食品自我调节：生物心理社会视角

• 批准号: 10561810
• 负责人: Esther M Leerkes
• 金额: $ 61.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA GREENSBORO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10561810
• 关键词: 11 year old; 19 year old; 2 year old; 3 year old; 5 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Adverse effects; Advocate; Age; Appetitive Behavior; Applied Research; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Body mass index; Buffers; Characteristics; Child; Child Rearing; Childhood; Collaborations; Complex; Data; Desire for food; Development; Dimensions; Discipline; Eating; Economics; Emotional; Energy Metabolism; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Food; Future; Health; Home; Home environment; Hormonal; Hormones; Individual; Infant; Inflammation; Influentials; Informal Social Control; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Life Style; Longitudinal Studies; Maternal Behavior; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Morbid Obesity; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Nursery Schools; Nutritional Science; Obesity; Parent-Child Relations; Physiological; Prevalence; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Satiation; Social Processes; Socioeconomic Status; Solid; Structure; Testing; Time; Weight; Work; biopsychosocial; cue reactivity; early childhood; experience; feeding; follow-up; indexing; infancy; innovation; middle childhood; multidisciplinary; obesity development; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; obesity treatment; obesogenic; physical conditioning; policy implication; predictive modeling; prenatal; prevent; preventive intervention; protective factors; psychologic; psychosocial; recruit; response; skills; social; trait

Childhood obesity remains a significant public health crisis. Most children with obesity are likely to remain obese as they mature and are at risk to experience significantly more lifelong physical and mental health issues, creating significant economic and public health consequences. Thus, identification of the most salient early predictors of obesity is essential. Despite growing evidence that a) self-regulatory skills in food and non-food contexts and appetitive traits significantly impact childhood obesity risk, and b) obesity risk is determined by the interplay between biological, psychological, and home environment factors, this work has occurred largely in isolation within disciplines, greatly hindering the interpretability and application of findings. This proposal describes a longitudinal, interdisciplinary study to leverage our existing sample of 300 mother-child dyads who are diverse with respect to race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and obesity risk and have been followed from the prenatal period until children were 2 years old (R01HD093662). We will re-assess these children at ages 3 and 5 and recruit an additional 50 3-year-olds into this study to facilitate future longer-term follow-up into middle childhood and adolescence. We propose a biopsychosocial model of the early development of obesity risk that will clarify (a) the measurement structure of general self-regulation, appetite self-regulation, and food cue reactivity, and the extent to which each has unique versus overlapping antecedents and consequences (Aim 1); and (b) the extent to which general self-regulation and/or appetite self-regulation buffer children from the adverse effects of specific early biological (e.g., hormones related to energy metabolism), psychological/behavioral (e.g., child food cue reactivity, negative emotionality), and social/environmental (e.g., obesogenic home environment, negative parenting) risks on elevated obesity risk at age 5 (Aim 2). This innovative study has critical implications for future targeted preventive interventions, since it will identify which target mechanisms (within the home, individual, or both) in infancy and preschool may be most influential in preventing early obesity risk before it becomes more difficult to reverse. By combining the theoretical and methodologic approaches of developmental and nutritional sciences, this project will help enhance rigor in the methods used to assess distinct aspects of food and non-food reactivity and regulation, which will be applicable to both basic and applied research. Additionally, the proposed study will begin to fill a critical knowledge gap regarding the role of the hormonal milieu in relation to obesity across childhood. Our multidisciplinary team has expertise in observational, physiological, and biological assessments, and will leverage our solid existing collaborations to smoothly implement the proposed study with rigor and efficiency.

儿童肥胖仍然是一个重大的公共卫生危机。大多数肥胖儿童可能会继续肥胖 随着他们的成熟，并面临着经历更多终生身心健康问题的风险， 造成重大的经济和公共卫生后果。因此，识别最显着的早期 肥胖的预测因素至关重要。尽管越来越多的证据表明 a) 食品和非食品方面的自我监管技能 背景和食欲特征显着影响儿童肥胖风险，b) 肥胖风险由 生物、心理和家庭环境因素之间的相互作用，这项工作主要发生在 学科内部的孤立，极大地阻碍了研究结果的可解释性和应用。这个提议 描述了一项纵向、跨学科的研究，该研究利用了我们现有的 300 名母子二人组样本， 在种族/族裔、社会经济地位和肥胖风险方面存在差异，并且已被追踪 产前期直至儿童 2 岁 (R01HD093662)。我们将在这些孩子 3 岁时重新评估 和 5，并另外招募 50 名 3 岁儿童参与这项研究，以促进未来对中年儿童的长期随访 童年和青春期。我们提出了肥胖风险早期发展的生物心理社会模型 这将澄清（a）一般自我调节、食欲自我调节和食物提示的测量结构 反应性，以及每个因素具有独特与重叠的前因和后果的程度（目标 1）； (b) 一般自我调节和/或食欲自我调节在多大程度上缓冲儿童免受不利影响 特定早期生物（例如，与能量代谢相关的激素）、心理/行为（例如， 儿童食物暗示反应、消极情绪）和社会/环境（例如，致胖的家庭环境、 消极养育）会增加 5 岁时肥胖风险（目标 2）。这项创新研究具有重要意义 对于未来有针对性的预防干预措施，因为它将确定哪些目标机制（在家庭内， 婴儿期和学龄前个体或两者）可能对预防早期肥胖风险最有影响力 变得更加难以逆转。通过结合发展的理论和方法 和营养科学，该项目将有助于提高用于评估不同方面的方法的严谨性 食品和非食品反应及监管，适用于基础研究和应用研究。 此外，拟议的研究将开始填补有关荷尔蒙环境作用的关键知识空白 与整个童年时期的肥胖有关。我们的多学科团队拥有观察、生理、 和生物评估，并将利用我们现有的稳固合作来顺利实施 提出的研究严谨而高效。