Intergenerational Persistence of Treatment Effects

治疗效果的代际持续性

基本信息

批准号：
9423684
负责人：
KENNETH A DODGE
金额：
$ 65.59万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-20 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9423684
关键词：
5 year old Academic skills Adolescent Behavior Adult Age Aggressive behavior American Indians Behavior Birth Records Car Phone Cardiovascular Diseases Cherokee Indian Child Child Behavior Child Rearing Child health care Childhood Chronic Coercion Collaborations Costs and Benefits County Data Data Collection Development Diabetes Mellitus Domestic Violence Early Intervention Ecological momentary assessment Education Educational Curriculum Emotional Environment Family Fast Track intervention Fathers Female Future Generations Health Heterogeneity Income Intervention Intervention Studies Investments Life Longitudinal Studies Longitudinal cohort study Low income Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Modeling Mothers Natural experiment North Carolina Only Child Outcome Parents Participant Personality Policies Population Poverty Pregnancy Prevention Problem behavior Process Public Policy Publishing Quasi-experiment Randomized Randomized Controlled Trials Reporting Risk Risk Behaviors Science Science Policy Shock Siblings Social skills development Social status Subgroup Substance Use Disorder Surveys Testing Time Training United States Violence Work adolescent substance use aged behavioral outcome cognitive skill cohort cost experience health record high risk human capital improved innovation intergenerational intervention effect kindergarten member next generation offspring post intervention prevent programs prospective social success theories treatment effect tutoring virtual young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The 15 million children in the United States who live in families below the poverty line are at risk for serious health problems ranging from chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes to mental health problems such as depression and substance use disorders. Many childhood interventions target low-income and high-risk children, with evidence that some early interventions improve adult health and wellbeing. However, little is known about whether, and how, the benefits of childhood interventions get transmitted across generations. This study asks whether children who benefit from early interventions grow up to become better parents and, subsequently, have children who experience fewer health problems, educational challenges, and emotional problems. We bring together two longstanding, ongoing, prospective intervention studies that follow panels of children into adulthood. Published findings show that each intervention has positive impact on a child’s adjustment, but it is not known whether this impact transfers to the next generation. The first is a quasi-experiment in which a positive income shock due to a casino opening resulted in an unearned cash transfer to American Indian children’s families. These families had already been participating in the Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS), an accelerated longitudinal cohort study now entering its fourth decade, with detailed measures available pre-intervention, post-intervention, and into adulthood. The second is the Fast Track (FT) Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial that randomly assigned 891 kindergarten children at risk for serious behavior problems to intervention and control conditions. Published findings indicate positive impact at least through age 26. Participants from both studies are now in their mid-30s and are currently completing or preparing for another wave of assessments with high rates of study retention. We will collect identical measures of risks to parenting, parenting environments, and parenting behaviors and information on the over 5000 offspring of these study members via a harmonized parent and offspring survey, a low-cost daily virtual assessment of parenting and child wellbeing, and high quality educational and birth records. We test whether the positive income shock, or separately, random assignment to the FT intervention in childhood, improves future parenting and, subsequently, offspring adjustment. For GSMS, we conduct an innovative population-wide extension to include all children aged 8 to 18 living in the counties where the income shock occurred. We test hypotheses about which subgroups (e.g., highest risk, females, those showing maximal initial impact) are most likely to likely to pass on benefits of the intervention to their own children, and which mechanisms mediate intervention impact. Our findings will inform prevention science by testing whether, for whom, and how, the effects of human capital interventions are transmitted across generations. Our findings speak directly to the costs and benefits of contemporary public policy as both interventions reflect features of policies and programs that currently serve millions of high-risk children and families in the United States.

项目概要美国有 1500 万生活在贫困线以下家庭的儿童面临严重的风险健康问题从心血管疾病和糖尿病等慢性疾病到心理健康许多儿童干预措施都针对低收入人群。和高危儿童，有证据表明一些早期干预措施可以改善成人的健康和福祉。然而，对于儿童期干预措施的益处是否以及如何传播，人们知之甚少。这项研究询问从早期干预中受益的儿童长大后是否会成为这样的人。更好的父母，从而让孩子经历更少的健康问题、教育挑战、我们汇集了两项长期、持续、前瞻性的干预研究，跟踪儿童小组直至成年。已发表的研究结果表明，每项干预措施都会对儿童产生积极影响。孩子的适应，但尚不清楚这种影响是否会转移到下一代。准实验，其中因赌场开业而产生的正收入冲击导致了不劳而获的现金转移到美国印第安儿童家庭这些家庭已经参加了伟大的活动。大烟山研究 (GSMS) 是一项加速纵向队列研究，现已进入第四个十年，干预前、干预后和成年期可用的详细措施第二个是禁食。 Track (FT) 预防随机对照试验随机分配了 891 名处于危险中的幼儿园儿童对于严重的行为问题进行干预和控制条件已发表的研究结果表明积极。影响至少持续到 26 岁。这两项研究的参与者现在都已 30 多岁，目前正处于我们将收集完成或准备另一波具有高学习保留率的评估。对养育风险、养育环境、养育行为和信息进行相同的衡量通过一项低成本的日常调查，对这些研究成员的 5000 多名后代进行了统一的父母和子女调查我们测试育儿和儿童福祉的虚拟评估以及高质量的教育和出生记录。无论是积极的收入冲击，还是单独随机分配到童年时期的 FT 干预，对于GSMS，我们进行了创新，以改善未来的养育方式以及随后的后代调整。将生活在收入冲击县的所有 8 至 18 岁儿童纳入人口范围我们测试关于哪些亚组（例如，最高风险、女性、显示出最大初始值的亚组）的假设。影响）最有可能将干预的好处传递给自己的孩子，并且我们的研究结果将通过测试是否影响预防科学。人力资本干预的影响是由谁以及如何跨代传递的。直接谈论当代公共政策的成本和收益，因为这两种干预措施都反映了当代公共政策的特征目前为美国数百万高风险儿童和家庭提供服务的政策和计划。