Neuroanatomical and behavioral anomalies in persistent developmental stuttering

持续性发育性口吃的神经解剖学和行为异常

• 批准号: 8019694
• 负责人: JOSEPH S PERKELL
• 金额: $ 16.8万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8019694
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Affect; Anisotropy; Area; Articulators; Auditory; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Clinical Research; Computer Simulation; Correlation Studies; Data; Development; Developmental Stuttering; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Emotions; Fingers; Image; Investigation; Jaw; Knowledge; Larynx; Lead; Left; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Motor; Motor output; Movement; Persons; Population; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Reaction Time; Running; Speech; Statistical Data Interpretation; Structure; Stuttering; System; Testing; Time; Time Study; Tongue; auditory feedback; base; behavior measurement; design; gray matter; improved; insight; kinematics; motor control; neuroimaging; novel; psychologic; relating to nervous system; response; social; theories; treatment effect; treatment program; vocal cord; white matter

This project aims to systematically investigate relationships between structural anomalies in brains of persons who stutter (PWS) and functional properties of the speech motor system. The project's approach builds on recent important findings regarding white matter (WM) irregularities and other neuroanatomical anomalies in PWS by attempting to identify behavioral (kinematic and acoustic) correlates of these anomalies during speech and other auditory-motor tasks, and by providing mechanistic interpretations of these findings within an established computational modeling framework of the neural bases of speech. The project is comprised of two inter-related experimental investigations that utilize structural neuroimaging in combination with behavioral measures to investigate theoretically motivated hypotheses concerning possible neural deficits underlying stuttering. The neuroimaging involves the use of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in PWS and matched fluent controls to obtain subject-specific measures of a set of candidate neuroanatomical markers (quantitative measures of structural properties of white and gray matter) derived from prior findings. The first investigation studies correlations between the neuroanatomical markers and behavioral measures reflecting feedforward motor control: kinematic and reaction-time (RT) data collected from the subject groups while they perform carefully designed, simple RT and speech tasks. The second investigation studies correlations between the neuroanatomical markers and the use of auditory feedback in speech: data collected on the subjects' responses to real-time spectral and temporal perturbations in the auditory feedback of their own speech. Both investigations will also test for differences in the measures between the groups of PWS and controls, and will consider alternative hypotheses. Establishing relations between behavioral and neuroanatomical anomalies in stuttering should provide new insights into important structural substrates that could lead to or potentiate the expression of underlying neurofunctional deficits. Different combinations of neuro-structural and neuro-functional factors could be manifested in a range of influences on stuttering, from emotions to malfunctions of movement triggering and timing.

该项目旨在系统地研究人大脑中结构异常之间的关系 谁结结巴巴（PWS）和语音运动系统的功能特性。该项目的方法基于 有关白质（WM）不规则性和其他神经解剖异常的最新重要发现 通过尝试识别这些异常在语音期间的行为（运动学和声学）相关的PW 和其他听觉运动任务，并通过在一个内提供这些发现的机械解释 语音神经基础的建立计算建模框架。 该项目由两项相关的实验研究组成，这些研究利用结构性神经影像学 结合行为措施，以研究理论动机的假设 口吃的神经缺陷。神经影像涉及使用磁共振成像和 PWS中的扩散张量成像和匹配的流利对照，以获得一组的主体特定度量 候选神经解剖标记（白物和灰质的结构特性的定量度量） 源自先前的发现。神经解剖标记之间的首次研究研究相关 以及反映前馈电机控制的行为措施：收集的运动学和反应时间（RT）数据 从主题组执行精心设计，简单的RT和语音任务时，他们来自。第二个 研究研究神经解剖标记与使用听觉反馈之间的相关性 语音：收集有关受试者对实时光谱和时间扰动的响应的数据 他们自己演讲的听觉反馈。两项调查也将测试措施的差异 在PW和对照组之间，将考虑替代假设。 在口吃中建立行为和神经解剖异常之间的关系应提供新的 对重要结构底物的见解，这些底物可能导致或增强潜在的神经功能的表达 缺陷。可以表现出神经结构和神经功能因素的不同组合 从情绪到运动触发和时机的故障，对口吃的影响范围有一系列的影响。