Control of Diseases in Zebrafish Research Facilities

斑马鱼研究设施的疾病控制

基本信息

批准号：
7826819
负责人：
Michael Lawrence Kent
金额：
$ 21.39万
依托单位：
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-07-01 至 2013-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7826819
关键词：
Acute Adult Affect Biological Assay Clinical Communicable Diseases Communities Development Developmental Biology Diagnosis Diagnostic Diagnostic tests Disease Disease Outbreaks Embryo Embryology Epidemiologic Studies Explosion Exposure to Fertility Fishes Funding Gene Mutation Genetic Genetic Models Genus Mycobacterium Health Human Individual Infection Infection Control International Laboratories Laboratory Animals Lead Longitudinal Studies Manuals Measures Methods Microsporidiosis Microsporidium Modeling National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Neuraxis Online Systems Organism Parasites Pathogenesis Pathogenicity Peer Review Plague Predisposition Procedures Publications Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resources Risk Factors Rodent Model Role Screening procedure Specific Pathogen Frees Stress Surveys Systemic infection Taxonomy Technology Transfer Testing Time Toxicology Tuberculosis United States National Institutes of Health Vertical Disease Transmission Veterinarians Virulence Virulent Work Zebrafish base disorder control egg experience germ free condition improved mortality pathogen prevent research facility research study square foot tool transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The last several years have witnessed an explosion in our understanding of vertebrate development, largely based on work from a few model genetic organisms. The embryonic zebrafish is one of these, and many research grants are funded by NIH and NIEHS to utilize this model. Studies of the embryology and genetics of zebrafish and the recent identification of 1,000's of genetic mutations have lead to this dramatic increase in the number of laboratories (now ca 450) using zebrafish to study the basic mechanisms of vertebrate developmental biology. Although zebrafish have become an extremely important research model, relatively little is known about the diseases that affect them when held in captivity. Indeed, severe health problems in zebrafish research colonies could seriously jeopardize many millions of dollars in research funding, and some research facilities have experienced devastating, acute mortalities in their zebrafish colonies. Moreover, persistent, but less severe, infections have plagued several facilities. As with other laboratory animals used in research, it is imperative to conduct studies with disease-free, healthy zebrafish. This is even more important now as several researchers are now using zebrafish as models in long-term studies on human pathogens and in toxicology. Unlike rodent models, there are no certified specific pathogen free (SPF) stocks of zebrafish, and we are just now developing sensitive diagnostic tests for the most serious pathogens. The major aim of the present study is to improve the health of zebrafish used in research facilities by elucidation of the pathogenesis and modes of transmission of the most important pathogens in this fish - e.g., Pseudoloma neurophilia, a microsporidium of the central nervous system that is very prevalent in zebrafish, and Mycobacterium spp., the cause of fish tuberculosis. P. neurophilia is extremely prevalent in zebrafish facilities and evidence indicates that it is transmitted vertically. We will therefore development of a non-lethal diagnostic test for brood fish, and investigate methods to disinfect eggs. For mycobacteria, we will determine which strains or species are most virulent, as we see dramatic differences in mortalities between outbreaks. PCR tests will be made for the virulent strains. Results will be quickly distributed to the zebrafish community through ZFIN, peer reviewed publications, and our web based manual on zebrafish diseases

描述（由申请人提供）：过去几年，我们对脊椎动物发育的理解发生了爆炸式增长，这主要基于一些模型遗传生物的工作。胚胎斑马鱼就是其中之一，NIH 和 NIEHS 资助了许多研究经费来利用该模型。对斑马鱼胚胎学和遗传学的研究以及最近鉴定出的 1,000 种基因突变导致使用斑马鱼研究脊椎动物发育生物学基本机制的实验室数量急剧增加（现在约 450 个）。尽管斑马鱼已成为极其重要的研究模型，但人们对圈养时影响斑马鱼的疾病知之甚少。事实上，斑马鱼研究群体中严重的健康问题可能会严重危及数百万美元的研究经费，而且一些研究机构的斑马鱼群体已经经历了毁灭性的急性死亡。此外，持续但不太严重的感染困扰着一些设施。与研究中使用的其他实验动物一样，必须使用无病、健康的斑马鱼进行研究。现在这一点变得更加重要，因为一些研究人员现在使用斑马鱼作为人类病原体和毒理学长期研究的模型。与啮齿动物模型不同，没有经过认证的无特定病原体（SPF）斑马鱼种群，我们现在正在开发针对最严重病原体的敏感诊断测试。本研究的主要目的是通过阐明斑马鱼中最重要病原体的发病机制和传播方式来改善研究设施中使用的斑马鱼的健康，例如神经嗜神经假单胞菌，一种中枢神经系统的微孢子虫，在斑马鱼和分枝杆菌中非常普遍，分枝杆菌是鱼类结核病的病因。嗜神经假单胞菌在斑马鱼设施中极为普遍，有证据表明它是垂直传播的。因此，我们将开发一种针对亲鱼的非致死诊断测试，并研究对鱼卵进行消毒的方法。对于分枝杆菌，我们将确定哪些菌株或物种毒性最强，因为我们发现爆发之间的死亡率存在巨大差异。将对强毒株进行PCR检测。结果将通过 ZFIN、同行评审出版物以及我们的斑马鱼疾病网络手册快速分发给斑马鱼社区