Planning in parietal-frontal circuits

顶叶环路规划

• 批准号: 7808924
• 负责人: RICHARD A ANDERSEN
• 金额: $ 40.5万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7808924
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Attention; Automobiles; Behavior; Behavioral; Body part; Brain region; Categories; Cells; Code; Decision Making; Devices; Diagnosis; Disease; Dorsal; Eye; Eye Movements; Fingers; Goals; Grant; Hand; Hybrids; Implant; Knowledge; Location; Modeling; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Neurons; Outcome; Paralysed; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pathway interactions; Patients; Play; Population; Probability; Process; Reading; Research; Rewards; Role; Saccades; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Soccer; Specificity; Sports; Staging; Stroke; Testing; Traumatic Brain Injury; design; eye hand coordination; foot; insight; instrument; lateral intraparietal area; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; neural prosthesis; parietal-frontal circuits; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; sensory integration; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is to study effector choice in parietal-frontal circuits. It focuses on movement plans and decisions regarding which part of the body to use to obtain a goal. Although this is a very common behavior and important for daily activities such as typing, playing musical instruments, sports, and operating an automobile, to our knowledge effector choice has generally not been studied at the neuronal level. Aim 1 will examine 2 models of cortical processing for effector selectivity. The parallel model hypothesizes that all cortical areas that represent potential movement plans before selection are the same areas that represent the outcomes of those decisions. The serial model hypothesizes that some cortical areas represent potential plans and outcomes and later cortical areas only represent the outcomes. Aim 2 will examine the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to see if it is similar to the parietal reach region (PRR) in representing both potential plans and outcomes. It will also determine whether PMd cells are mostly selective for reach outcomes (like PRR) or if it contains a mixture of reach and saccade selective neurons. The latter finding would suggest that PMd may be further along in the pathway for hand-eye coordination than PRR, which is suggested by other recent studies examining coordinate frames. Although PRR and the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) have recently been found to have activity consistent with their representing potential plans and outcomes of effector decisions, there is no evidence that they are actually necessary for effector decision making. Aim 3 will test whether LIP and PRR are necessary by inactivating them during effector decision making. If inactivation of these two areas produce a bias in the decision task (LIP for saccades and PRR for reaches), then these areas would be within the network for effector decision making. The three aims will provide important new information regarding how effector planning and decisions are processed including the functional hierarchy of the areas involved (Aim 1), the role of dorsal premotor cortex (Aim 2), and whether areas in the parietal cortex are involved in the decision process or only reflect the potential plans and the outcome of the decision (Aim 3). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results from this study can be used to help design therapies for patients suffering from damage to frontal and parietal cortex from strokes and traumatic brain injuries. They will help in understanding deficits that result from neurological diseases that effect cortical functioning, and in guiding diagnoses and treatments for these diseases. They will also be useful for guiding the design of neural prosthetics. By determining the types of signals that can be obtained from different brain regions, neural implants can be made to read out these signals in order to control assistive external devices for paralyzed patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：此申请是在顶额额叶电路中研究效应子的选择。它着重于运动计划和关于实现目标的身体哪个部分的决定。尽管这是一种非常普遍的行为，对于日常活动，例如打字，演奏乐器，运动和操作汽车，但对于我们的知识效应器选择，通常尚未在神经元水平上进行研究。 AIM 1将检查2种皮质加工模型，以提高效应子选择性。平行模型假设，在选择前代表潜在运动计划的所有皮质区域都是代表这些决定结果的区域。串行模型假设某些皮质区域代表潜在的计划和结果，后来的皮质区域仅代表结果。 AIM 2将检查背侧前皮层（PMD），以查看它在代表潜在计划和结果时是否类似于顶叶区域（PRR）。它还将确定PMD细胞是否主要是选择性结果（例如PRR），还是含有覆盖范围和扫视选择性神经元的混合物。后一个发现表明，与PRR相比，PMD可能沿着手眼协调的途径较远，这是其他最近检查坐标框架的研究提出的。 尽管最近发现PRR和侧向内区域（LIP）具有与代表潜在计划和效应子决策结果一致的活动，但没有证据表明它们实际上是效应者决策所必需的。 AIM 3将通过在效应器决策过程中灭活唇部和PRR是否需要唇部和PRR。如果这两个领域的灭活对决策任务产生偏见（扫视和PRR的唇部供应），那么这些领域将在效应器决策的网络中。 这三个目标将提供有关如何处理效应器计划和决策的重要新信息决策过程或仅反映了决策的潜在计划和结果（AIM 3）。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究的结果可用于帮助设计疗法，以针对额叶和脑部受伤的额叶和顶叶皮层损害的患者设计疗法。他们将有助于理解影响皮质功能的神经疾病以及指导这些疾病的诊断和治疗的缺陷。它们也将有助于指导神经假体的设计。通过确定可以从不同大脑区域获得的信号类型，可以制作神经植入物来读取这些信号，以控制瘫痪的患者的辅助外部设备。