Trait Fear and Disinhibition in Impulse Control Disorders

冲动控制障碍中的特质恐惧和抑制解除

• 批准号: 7936843
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER JOHN PATRICK
• 金额: $ 44.55万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7936843
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affective; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Markers; Brain; Chemosensitization; Child; Clinical; Cognitive; Collection; Comorbidity; Data; Development; Diagnostic; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual; Disease; Disinhibition; Distal; EP300 gene; Effectiveness; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Equipment and supply inventories; Frequencies; Fright; Goals; Image; Imprisonment; Impulse Control Disorders; Individual; Individual Differences; Interview; Link; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; Monitor; Neurobiology; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Personality Disorders; Phase; Phenotype; Physiological; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Psychometrics; Psychopathology; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Science; Sensitivity and Specificity; Services; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Surface; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Time; Validation; Variant; Work; anti social; base; biological systems; improved; indexing; innovation; interest; men; mental disorder diagnosis; neural circuit; neurobehavioral; neurophysiology; offender; prevent; programs; psychologic; psychopathic personality; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses broad Challenge Area (03) Biomarker Discovery and Validation and specific Challenge Topic, 03-MH-101: Biomarkers in Mental Disorders. The application takes a construct-oriented approach to the identification of biomarkers for prevalent forms of mental illness. Specifically, the proposed work focuses on physiological response indicators of two key dispositional constructs that have direct referents in neurobiology as well as behavior: (1) fear/fearlessness, and (2) inhibitory control. Variations in fear and fearlessness are posited to reflect individual differences in the sensitivity of the brain's defensive motivational system. Variations in inhibitory control are posited to reflect individual differences in the functioning of brain systems that modulate affective and behavioral response in the service of distal goals. The current proposal builds on extensive preliminary research directed at developing sensitive and precise psychometric measures of dispositional fear and disinhibitory (externalizing) tendencies and identifying brain correlates of these constructs. We propose that these constructs, because they provide a concrete basis for linking neurobiological systems to measurable deviations in behavior, can serve as important referents for a physiologically based science of individual differences relevant to psychopathology. A two-year program of work is proposed involving collection of psychometric, diagnostic, and physiological (including EEG/ERP) data from a large sample of incarcerated offenders. Analyses will be performed to establish how constructs of dispositional fear and disinhibition, operationalized psychometrically, relate to varying forms of psychopathology (including impulse control disorders, affiliated personality disorders, and psychopathy as assessed by clinical interview) and to varying physiological indicators. In addition, advanced electrocortical analysis techniques including EEG time-frequency decomposition, neural source imaging, and phase coherence analysis will be applied to the brain response data to elucidate neural circuits that underlie individual variations in fear/fearlessness and disinhibition and to clarify how deviations in the functioning of these circuits contribute to varying mental disorders. This work promises to advance our understanding of overlapping and distinctive aspects of varying mental disorders by studying these disorders in relation to unifying constructs with clear neurobiological referents. Work of this kind can provide the basis for direct neurophysiological assessment of individual difference constructs relevant to psychopathology as well as improved identification of individuals at biological risk for the development of mental illness. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Research on the biological bases of impulse control ('externalizing') disorders is essential to an understanding of the causes of such disorders and to developing effective methods for preventing and treating them. The proposed work seeks to bridge clinical-diagnostic entities with underlying biological systems by studying two key dispositional constructs that have direct referents in neurobiology as well as behavior: (1) fear/fearlessness, and (2) inhibitory control. The current work will contribute to an understanding of brain circuits that give rise to individual differences relevant to psychopathology, and provide information that can help to reshape disorder definitions in ways that make them more amenable to biological analysis.

描述（由申请人提供）：此申请解决广泛的挑战领域（03）生物标志物发现与验证以及特定挑战主题，03-MH-101：精神障碍生物标志物。该应用程序采用以构造为导向的方法来鉴定生物标志物为普遍的精神疾病形式。具体而言，拟议的工作着重于具有神经生物学和行为直接参考的两个关键倾向构建体的生理反应指标：（1）恐惧/无畏性，以及（2）抑制性控制。提出了恐惧和无畏性的变化，以反映大脑防御动机系统敏感性的个体差异。放置抑制性控制的变化，以反映在为远端目标服务时调节情感和行为反应的大脑系统功能的个体差异。当前的提案建立在广泛的初步研究的基础上，该研究旨在开发敏感和精确的心理测量措施的恐惧和抑制性（外部化）趋势，并确定这些结构的大脑相关性。我们建议这些结构为将神经生物学系统与可测量的行为偏差联系起来提供了具体的基础，可以作为基于生理上与精神病理学相关的个体差异科学的重要参考。提出了为期两年的工作计划，其中涉及从大量被监禁的罪犯样本中收集心理测量，诊断和生理学（包括EEG/ERP）数据。将进行分析，以确定对性恐惧和抑制作用的结构如何进行心理操作，以不同形式的心理病理学形式（包括脉冲控制障碍，附属人格障碍和通过临床访谈评估的心理病）以及与生理指标进行不同的心理病。此外，还将将先进的电气分析技术（包括脑电图时间频解分解，神经源成像和相干性分析）应用于大脑响应数据，以阐明神经回路，这些神经回路是恐惧/无畏性和消除性抑制和阐明这些循环偏离这些循环造成精神障碍的偏差的基础的神经回路。这项工作有望通过研究这些疾病与具有清晰的神经生物学指南的统一结构有关的这些疾病来提高我们对不同精神障碍的重叠和独特方面的理解。这种工作可以为与心理病理学相关的个体差异结构进行直接神经生理评估以及改善对精神疾病发展生物学风险的个体的识别。 公共卫生相关性：关于脉冲控制（“外部化”）疾病的生物学基础的研究对于理解这种疾病的原因以及开发预防和治疗它们的有效方法至关重要。拟议的工作旨在通过研究具有神经生物学和行为直接参考的两个关键倾向结构来桥接临床诊断实体，并具有潜在的生物系统：（1）恐惧/无畏性和（2）抑制性控制。当前的工作将有助于理解与精神病理学有关的个体差异的脑电路，并提供可以帮助以使它们更适合生物学分析的方式来重塑疾病定义的信息。