Sex and Gender Influences on Addiction and Health: A Developmental Perspective

性和性别对成瘾和健康的影响：发展的角度

• 批准号: 7840881
• 负责人: Emmalee S. Bandstra
• 金额: $ 5.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2010-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7840881
• 关键词: Sex; Gender; Influences; Addiction; Health

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks to establish a Specialized Center of Interdisciplinary Research (SCOR) on the overarching theme of sex and gender factors affecting addiction and health. The Center's mission is to address the health concerns of women and their developing offspring affected by drug abuse by providing the optimal environment to encourage and facilitate clinical and translational research. The approach will be to use interdisciplinary translational and clinical studies to assess sex/gender-specific differences in vulnerability to drug-taking and drug effects across development in adolescent and adult females and males with and without prenatal exposure to cocaine and other drugs. Project #1 (PI: Dow-Edwards), "Sex Differences in Drug Effects: The Prenatal Trajectory", is a series of preclinical translational studies using an established rat model of prenatal drug exposure. This project will examine the roles of prenatal cocaine exposure, postnatal environment, and polydrug exposure (cocaine with nicotine, THC, and alcohol) in the development of drug-taking behavior in male and female adolescent rats, emphasizing sex differences in conditioned place preference for cocaine and elucidating the potential biologic basis for sex differences by functional imaging and neurochemical assessments. Project #2 (PI: Izenwasser), "Sex Differences in Drug Effects: The Adolescent Trajectory" is a series of preclinical translational studies, the focus of which is to study the effects of nicotine, marijuana (A9-THC) and cocaine in male and female adolescent and adult rats on behavior and neurochemistry during adolescence and later during adulthood. Project #3 (PI: Bandstra), "Sex and Gender Influences on Adolescent Drug Involvement" is a clinical investigation of sex and gender differences affecting risk for drug abuse in adolescents (and ultimately as adults) with and without prenatal exposure to cocaine and other drugs. Subjects were enrolled in the Miami Prenatal Cocaine Study (n=476); and assessed through early adolescence (retention 85 percent) for neuropsychological and other outcomes. In this proposal, subjects will be assessed at age 16 and 18 years by self-report and biomarkers for drug involvement, caregiver and self-report of psychosocial risk factors, and laboratory measures of stress reactivity, risk-taking, and decision-making. Analyses will include consideration of the influence of prenatal cocaine exposure on later drug involvement in the female and male adolescents. The Administrative Core will host a Scientific Steering Committee and Internal and External Advisory Committees of interdisciplinary investigators with relevant expertise. Enhanced understanding of the differential effects of drugs of abuse in females and males across development (from prenatal to postnatal exposures during adolescence and adulthood) should lead to improved sex-, gender-, and age-specific preventions and treatments for drug addiction and related conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案旨在建立一个专门的跨学科研究中心（SCOR），介绍影响成瘾和健康的性别和性别因素的总体主题。该中心的使命是通过提供最佳环境来鼓励和促进临床和转化研究，以解决妇女及其发展后代的健康问题。该方法将是使用跨学科的翻译和临床研究来评估青少年和成年女性以及男性以及在有没有产前暴露于可卡因和其他药物产前的青少年和成年女性以及男性中对吸毒和药物影响的性别差异。项目＃1（PI：DOW-EDWARDS），“药物效应的性别差异：产前轨迹”，是一系列临床前翻译研究，使用既定的大鼠暴露于产前药物暴露的大鼠模型。该项目将研究产前可卡因暴露，产后环境和多药的暴露（与尼古丁，THC和酒精的可卡因（可卡因）在男性和女性青少年大鼠的吸毒行为发展中的作用，从而强调了可可症的性别偏好对性别生物学基础的条件性偏好，并通过性能差异来进行性能差异。项目＃2（PI：Izenwasser），“药物效果的性别差异：青春期轨迹”是一系列临床前翻译研究，其重点是研究尼古丁，大麻（A9-THC）和可卡因对男性和女性青少年和成年大鼠对行为和成年大鼠在青少年和后期的效果。项目＃3（PI：Bandstra），“性别和性别对青少年药物参与的影响”是对影响可卡因和其他药物产前暴露的青少年（以及最终作为成年人）的性别差异的临床研究，该临床研究影响了青少年（以及最终作为成年人）的药物滥用风险。受试者参加了迈阿密产前可卡因研究（n = 476）；并通过青春期早期（保留85％）评估神经心理学和其他结果。在该提案中，将在16岁和18岁时通过自我报告和生物标志物评估受试者的药物参与，护理人员和自我报告的心理社会危险因素，以及实验室的压力反应性，冒险和决策的实验室测量。分析将包括考虑产前可卡因对后来药物参与女性和男性青少年的影响。行政核心将主持一个具有相关专业知识的跨学科研究人员的科学指导委员会以及内部和外部咨询委员会。对跨发育的女性和男性滥用药物的差异作用的理解（从产前到青春期和成年期的产后暴露）应改善性别，性别，年龄特异性的预防和治疗药物成瘾和相关条件。