Sex and Gender Influences on Adoelescent Drug Involvement

性别对青少年吸毒的影响

• 批准号: 7687918
• 负责人: Emmalee S. Bandstra
• 金额: $ 41.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7687918
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; African American; Age; Anxiety; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood specimen; Caregivers; Child; Cocaine; Condition; Data; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Enrollment; Female; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Funding; Future; Gender; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genomics; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hydrocortisone; Impulsivity; Infant; Investigation; Link; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Modeling; Mothers; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Perinatal; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Pregnancy; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Salivary; Secure; Sex Characteristics; Shapes; Stress; Stress and Coping; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Woman; Women' s Health; addiction; drug of abuse; externalizing behavior; improved; in utero; inner city; interdisciplinary approach; male; neuropsychological; postnatal; pre-clinical; prenatal; programs; psychosocial; reproductive; response; sex; social

SCOR Project #3 (Bandstra) relates to the overall Center and the preclinical projects in that it examines an important women's health problem (addiction and related disorders) from an interdisciplinary approach over the lifespan from gestation through adolescence, and ultimately, adulthood. The study seeks to answer important questions about previously understudied hypothesized sex and gender differences in drug involvement through late adolescence as well as the outcomes of female (versus male) offspring exposed to drugs in utero. The project emanates from a well-established research program on perinatal substance abuse. Participants (lowSES, inner-city African American infants and their mothers) were enrolled at delivery (n=476) and have been assessed for developmental, neuropsychological, educational, and social- environmental outcomes through early adolescence (retention 85%). Within a developmental model allowing for multiple determinants of behavior and health, this project seeks to estimate male-female differences in progression through levels of adolescent drug involvement, with examination of hypothesized mediators and correlates including stress/coping, internalizing/externalizing behaviors, impulsivity and risk-taking propensity. The influence of in utero cocaine exposure on observed male-female differences will be assessed. Subjects will be tested at ages 16 and 18 by self-report and biomarkers for drug involvement, caregiver and self-report of psychosocial risk factors, and measures of stress reactivity (with salivary cortisol), risk-taking, and decision-making. Benefiting from data from a related K01, the study will have 4 waves of data on drug involvement from ages 12-18 years for analyses with a sex/gender focus and linkage to earlier data on in utero and longitudinal measurements (e.g., neuropsychological functioning, internalizing and externalizing behaviors). Findings should undergird future planned serial assessments of drug involvement into adulthood, when drug dependence among women during child-bearing years is anticipated to be more prominent, endangering their health and that of their offspring. The ultimate goal is enhanced understanding of the differential effects of drugs of abuse in females and males across development (from prenatal to postnatal exposures during adolescence and adulthood), resulting in improved sex-, gender-, and age-specific preventions and treatments for drug addiction and related conditions.

SCOR项目＃3（Bandstra）与整个中心及其临床前项目有关 跨学科方法的重要女性健康问题（成瘾和相关疾病） 从妊娠到青春期，最终成年的寿命。该研究试图回答 关于先前研究的假设性别和药物性别差异的重要问题 通过青春期晚期参与以及女性（与男性）后代的结果 子宫里的药物。该项目源自关于围产期物质的公认研究计划 虐待。参与者（高低，城市内部非洲裔美国婴儿及其母亲）已入学 交付（n = 476），已评估过发育，神经心理学，教育和社会 - 通过青春期早期的环境结果（保留85％）。在一个发展模型中，允许 对于行为和健康的多个决定因素，该项目试图估计男女女性的差异 通过青少年药物参与的水平进行进展，检查假设的介体和 关联包括压力/应对，内在化/外在行为，冲动和冒险 倾向。子宫可卡因暴露对观察到的男女差异的影响将是 评估。受试者将通过自我报告和生物标志物在16岁和18岁时进行药物参与测试， 照顾者和自我报告的心理社会风险因素以及压力反应性的度量（唾液 皮质醇），冒险和决策。从相关K01的数据中受益，该研究将有4个 与性别/性别重点和联系的分析的12-18岁的药物参与的数据浪潮 在子宫和纵向测量中的早期数据（例如，神经心理学功能，内在化 和外在行为）。调查结果应经过未来计划的药物序列评估 参与成年后，预计在育儿年中妇女的毒品依赖 更加突出，危害他们的健康和后代。最终目标是增强的 了解跨发育中女性和男性滥用药物的差异影响（来自 青春期和成年期在产后暴露的产前，导致性别，性别和性别的改善 针对药物成瘾和相关疾病的特定年龄预防和治疗方法。