Environmental Strategies for Violence and AOD Prevention

暴力和 AOD 预防的环境策略

基本信息

批准号：
7887591
负责人：
Debra M. Furr-Holden
金额：
$ 23.22万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-07-15 至 2010-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7887591
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Baltimore Behavior Behavioral Model Caregivers Characteristics Cities Cognition Cognitive Communities Community Actions Crime Data Development Disease Drug Exposure Effectiveness Environment Environmental Risk Factor Exposure to Family Frequencies Fright Future Goals Incidence Individual Intervention Investigation Life Experience Link Mediating Metric Modeling Neighborhoods Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical environment Prevalence Prevention Prevention program Preventive Intervention Property Reporting Research Research Personnel Sampling Scientist Severities Signal Transduction Social Adjustment Specific qualifier value Staging Testing Training Urban Population Validation Violence Well in self Work Youth alcohol and other drug base deviant early childhood evidence base high risk high risk behavior improved information gathering innovation insight intervention program parental influence peer programs social theories urban public health youth violence

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite the growing body of evidence linking environmental factors to violence and drug exposure, traditional prevention programs have not targeted environmental factors. Instead, intervention programs have typically focused on individuals or families and their high-risk behavior. The proposed investigation seeks to classify both individual- and community-level distributions and determinants of violence and alcohol and other drug (AOD) exposure by identifying environmental factors associated with increased neighborhood violence and AOD exposure among youth. To achieve these goals, independent objective neighborhood ratings will be conducted on a random sample of two unit blocks within each of 277 ecologically defined city neighborhoods to (a) gather information on the physical environment of the neighborhood; (b) clarify the environmental contexts in which youth live and experience violence and AOD exposure; and (c) provide insight on environmental targets for future intervention efforts. To link community-level factors with individual youth violence and AOD exposure, we will also conduct environmental assessments of neighborhoods among the 316 Baltimore youth participating in the Baltimore Prevention Program (BPP). The BPP data are rich in longitudinal information on both violence and AOD exposure as well as social adaptation and psychological well-being from early childhood thru late adolescence. This work will provide a model approach for assessment and identification of environmental factors linked with increased violence and AOD exposure and guide future community-level environmental preventive interventions. This innovative approach to environmental violence and AOD assessment forms the basis for the next stage of research that involves development and implementation of action plans to target specific environmental indicators. As such this investigation initiates a line of inquiry that will advance the evidence base for strategies in program modeling and improve the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of existing programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管越来越多的证据将环境因素与暴力和毒品暴露联系起来，但传统的预防计划并未针对环境因素。相反，干预计划通常侧重于个人或家庭及其高风险行为。拟议的调查旨在通过确定与青少年中邻里暴力和 AOD 暴露增加相关的环境因素，对暴力、酒精和其他药物 (AOD) 暴露的个人和社区层面的分布和决定因素进行分类。为了实现这些目标，将对 277 个生态定义的城市社区内的两个单元街区进行随机抽样，进行独立客观的社区评级，以 (a) 收集有关社区物理环境的信息； (b) 澄清青少年生活和经历暴力和 AOD 暴露的环境背景； (c) 为未来的干预工作提供有关环境目标的见解。为了将社区层面的因素与青少年个体暴力和 AOD 暴露联系起来，我们还将对参与巴尔的摩预防计划 (BPP) 的 316 名巴尔的摩青少年的社区进行环境评估。 BPP 数据包含丰富的关于暴力和 AOD 暴露以及从幼儿期到青春期后期的社会适应和心理健康的纵向信息。这项工作将为评估和识别与暴力和 AOD 暴露增加相关的环境因素提供模型方法，并指导未来的社区级环境预防干预措施。这种针对环境暴力和 AOD 评估的创新方法为下一阶段的研究奠定了基础，该研究涉及制定和实施针对具体环境指标的行动计划。因此，这项调查启动了一系列调查，将推进项目建模策略的证据基础，并提高现有项目的全面性和有效性。