Estimating the Prevalence of Alcohol Use Disorders among At-Risk Drivers

估计高危驾驶员中酒精使用障碍的患病率

基本信息

批准号：
7501698
负责人：
Debra M. Furr-Holden
金额：
$ 6.06万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-01 至 2009-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7501698
关键词：
Address Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcohols Appendix Attention Automobile Driving Blood alcohol level measurement Breath Tests Cessation of life Characteristics Chronic Collection Consumption Contracts Criminal Justice Data Data Analyses Dependence Dependency Destinations Drug usage Elements Evaluation Research Federal Government Frequencies Funding Future Health Heavy Drinking Incidence Industry Injury Institutes Insurance Intercept Interview Invasive Laws Light Liquid substance Measurement Measures Methods Numbers Oral Participant Patient Self-Report Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Policies Population Preparation Prevalence Prevention Preventive Intervention Principal Investigator Probability Samples Protocols documentation Questionnaires Rate Reading Research Personnel Resources Risk Safety Saliva Sampling Schedule Screening procedure Severities Signal Transduction Surveys System Testing Time Work alcohol use disorder binge drinking demographics disability drinking driving under influence insight offender problem drinker programs response service intervention social tool trafficking

项目摘要

This proposal seeks to implement a brief screen for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) among the approximate 6,000 participants in the upcoming 2006 National Highway Safety and Traffic Administration (NHSTA) National Roadside Survey (NRS). There is a body of evidence that purports heavy and problem drinkers are overrepresented in the population of DUI offenders and pose a significant threat to highway and traffic safety. A brief AUD screener validated as rapid roadside assessment of AUDs is proposed for inclusion in the upcoming NRS. This project will clarify the extent to which drivers in general, and more specifically drivers with elevated blood alcohol contents as measured by standardized breath tests have current alcohol problems. If successful, this screen will aid policymakers in determining appropriate intervention services for DUI offenders as well as correlate cross-sectional BAG readings with varying types of pathological alcohol use, namely binge drinking, heavy drinking, and alcohol abuse and dependence (potential signals for unmet treatment need). The alcohol screen proposed for use in this large roadside survey is grounded in existing evidence derived from and exploratory program where the screener was refined, piloted and validated as a rapid roadside screening tool. The measurement constructs to be employed are the consumption subscale of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS). This work is divided into three distinct phases. Phase 1 entails preparation for the 6,000 case fielding of the NRS. Phase 2 is the fielding of the NRS Program and Phase 3 is dedicated to analysis of data and dissemination of findings. The specific aims of this work are: Aim 1: To assess the extent to which persons with alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) are present in the nighttime weekend driving population, the period of greatest risk for alcohol-related crash fatalities. Aim 2;To conduct an assessment of the relationship between cross-sectional BAG and active AUD status, including adjustment for active other drug use. Aim 3: To identify characteristics of nighttime weekend drivers that signal unmet treatment need for drug- and alcohol-related prevention or intervention services. Health significance: The significance of this work is best viewed in light of the substantial societal resources being allocated to address the perceived risk posed by AUD drivers who are believed to be chronic DUI offenders as evidenced by the passage of state laws. This nationwide probability sample will enable national prevalence estimates of the extent to which persons with AUDs are represented in the most at-risk for crash, injury and death driving and passenger population.

该提案旨在对大约的酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 进行简短筛查。 6,000 名参与者参加即将举行的 2006 年国家公路安全和交通管理局 (NHSTA) 国家路边调查 (NRS)。有大量证据表明酗酒者和有问题的饮酒者酒后驾车罪犯人数过多，对高速公路和交通构成重大威胁安全。建议将一个简短的 AUD 筛选器验证为 AUD 的快速路边评估，并将其纳入即将推出的 NRS。该项目将阐明一般驱动程序的程度，更具体地说通过标准化呼气测试测得血液酒精含量升高的驾驶员当前饮酒情况问题。如果成功，该筛选将帮助政策制定者确定适当的干预服务酒后驾车罪犯以及将横截面 BAG 读数与不同类型的病理性酒精相关联使用，即酗酒、大量饮酒以及酒精滥用和依赖（未满足的潜在信号治疗需要）。建议在这次大型路边调查中使用的酒精筛查是基于现有的来自探索性计划的证据，在该计划中筛选器被改进、试点和验证为快速路边筛查工具。要采用的测量结构是消费量表酒精使用障碍识别测试 (AUDIT) 和酒精使用障碍及相关残疾人访谈时间表 (AUDADIS)。这项工作分为三个不同的阶段。第一阶段需要为 NRS 处理 6,000 例案件做准备。第 2 阶段是 NRS 计划的部署，第 3 阶段是 NRS 计划的部署致力于数据分析和研究结果传播。这项工作的具体目标是：目标 1：评估患有酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的人在周末夜间出现的程度驾驶人群，酒精相关车祸死亡风险最高的时期。目标 2；开展评估横截面 BAG 和活跃 AUD 状态之间的关系，包括调整积极使用其他药物。目标 3：识别夜间周末司机的特征，这些特征表明未满足要求药物和酒精相关预防或干预服务的治疗需求。健康意义：鉴于分配给该项目的大量社会资源，可以最好地理解这项工作的重要性。解决被认为是长期酒后驾车违法者的 AUD 司机所带来的感知风险通过州法律。这个全国范围的概率样本将使全国患病率估计成为可能持有 AUD 的人在驾驶事故、伤害和死亡风险中所占比例最高的程度和旅客人数。