fMRI and Cognition in Youth at Risk for Alcoholism

功能磁共振成像和认知对酗酒风险青少年的影响

• 批准号: 7856342
• 负责人: SUSAN F TAPERT
• 金额: $ 2.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7856342
• 关键词: 14 year old; 4-aminospiroperidol; Abbreviations; Accounting; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Ataxia; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Back; Brain; Brodmann' s area; California; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Conduct Disorder; Deltastab; Dependence; Disease; Drug usage; Echo-Planar Imaging; Expectancy; Family history of; Female; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Gender; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Hippocampus (Brain); Hyperactive behavior; Interview; Learning; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Marijuana; Measures; Mental disorders; Neuraxis; Neurocognition; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Neuropsychological Tests; Nicotine; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Protocols documentation; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research Design; Research Personnel; Resolution; Retrieval; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Short-Term Memory; Speed; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Verbal Learning; Visuospatial; Youth; adolescent alcohol; adolescents with alcohol use disorders; alcohol and other drug; alcohol exposure; alcohol response; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; base; blood oxygen level dependent; drinking; executive function; experience; externalizing behavior; follow-up; heavy drinking during adolescence; indexing; interest; male; neurodevelopment; neuropsychological; programs; relating to nervous system; response; underage drinking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Relevance: Alcohol and other drug use are common among U.S. adolescents. Our prior studies found that adolescents with alcohol use disorders (AUD) show abnormalities on indices .of brain functioning, including neuropsychological testing, hippocampal volume, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) response to cognitive tasks. We also found abnormalities on some of these measures related to risk factors for adolescent alcohol involvement. Thus, it is unclear if abnormalities observed in adolescents with AUD are caused by alcohol exposure, or predated the onset of heavy drinking. Description: This renewal project will follow youth initially characterized in the first funding period of R01 AA13419. At baseline, these youth are 12-14 year-olds free from any psychiatric disorder with, on average, one alcohol use experience, and half are at risk for AUD based on a family history of alcohol dependence. Baseline assessment includes neuropsychological testing, high resolution MRI, and FMRI acquisition during spatial working memory and inhibition tasks. In this competing renewal, we will expand the baseline sample from 128 to 285 youth, and follow these adolescents quarterly with interviews on substance use and general functioning. Each subject who initiates heavy drinking (defined as consuming >5 drinks on an occasion >5 times in a month), as well as a non-user matched for age, gender, and family history status, will be invited back to repeat the protocol on an annual basis for the duration of the 5-year project. Based on surveys in the school districts we recruit from (A/=5420), we anticipate that >20% (n>50) will initiate heavy drinking and 50% (n>125) will remain non-users as of the 4-year follow-up (i.e., by age 16-18). Aims: The goal of this study is to ascertain if indices of brain functioning (i.e., neuropsychological testing; hippocampal, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellar volumes; and FMRI response to spatial working memory and inhibition tasks in prefrontal and parietal regions) change after the onset of heavy drinking to a different degree than would be accounted for by normal adolescent neurodevelopment. We hypothesize that initiation of heavy drinking during adolescence will be associated with changes in brain structure and function, and that family history of AUD and gender will moderate this relationship. Other substance use (marijuana and nicotine) and other risk factors for SUD (externalizing behaviors, level of response to alcohol, and alcohol expectancies) will be evaluated as potential contributors to change in brain functioning. Based on our previous studies, we further hypothesize that baseline brain response patterns will significantly predict substance involvement in the following year.

描述（由申请人提供）：相关性：在美国青少年中，酒精和其他药物使用很常见。我们先前的研究发现，患有酒精使用障碍的青少年（AUD）显示出关于脑功能的指数异常，包括神经心理学测试，海马体积和功能磁共振成像（FMRI）对认知任务的反应。我们还发现，与青少年酒精参与的危险因素有关的一些措施中的某些措施异常。因此，目前尚不清楚在AUD青少年中观察到的异常是由酒精暴露引起的还是早饮酒的开始。描述：该更新项目将遵循最初在R01 AA13419的第一筹时期的年轻人。在基准时，这些年轻人是12-14岁的年轻人，没有任何精神病障碍，平均而言，一项酒精使用经验，一半的人受酒精依赖的历史而有aud的风险。基线评估包括神经心理学测试，高分辨率MRI和在空间工作记忆和抑制任务中获取fMRI。在这种竞争的续约中，我们将将基线样本从128名年轻人扩展到285名，并遵循这些青少年的季刊，采访有关药物使用和一般功能的采访。每个发起大量饮酒的主题（定义为一个月> 5次饮用> 5次饮料），以及与年龄，性别和家族史状况相匹配的非用户，将被邀请回到5年项目期间每年重复该协议。根据我们从（A/= 5420）招募的学区的调查，我们预计> 20％（n> 50）将启动大量饮酒，50％（n> 125）将在4年的随访（即到16-18岁）。目的：这项研究的目的是确定大脑功能指标（即神经心理学测试；海马，前额叶皮层和小脑大量； fMRI对额外饮用的饮酒后，fMRI对空间工作记忆和对额叶和帕特尔区域的抑制任务的响应）会导致不同的饮酒。我们假设在青春期开始大量饮酒将与大脑结构和功能的变化有关，而aud和性别的家族史将使这种关系减轻这种关系。其他物质使用（大麻和尼古丁）和SUD的其他风险因素（外在行为，对酒精的反应水平和酒精预期）将被评估为导致大脑功能变化的潜在贡献者。基于我们以前的研究，我们进一步假设基线脑反应模式将显着预测次年的物质参与。