Dynamic Visual Activity in Temporal Cortex

颞叶皮层的动态视觉活动

• 批准号: 7848673
• 负责人: DAVID L SHEINBERG
• 金额: $ 1.63万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2010-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7848673
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Classification; Complex; Data; Discrimination; Environment; Event; Image; Investigation; Joints; Left; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Movement; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Physiological; Primates; Process; Property; Research Personnel; Role; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visuospatial; abstracting; active vision; base; design; expectation; experience; extrastriate; extrastriate visual cortex; inferotemporal cortex; interest; neural circuit; neurophysiology; object perception; object recognition; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; theories; virtual; visual stimulus

(Revised Abstract) Description: How the nervous system extracts a coherent view of our complex and dynamic world is not well understood. Current understanding of the neural circuitry involved in visual object recognition is based in large part on physiological recordings made during passive animals looking at static images. Real world vision differs dramatically from these conditions, as both the observer and objects in the world are dynamic. Further, active vision is purposive; an observer's percepts can guide actions that may in turn alter the visual environment. The objective of the experiments described in this proposal is to begin to investigate the neural basis of active vision by recording the neural activity generated in extrastriate visual areas of the temporal lobe while monkeys observe, monitor, and interact with complex visual forms over temporally extended periods.The first specific aim will explore how knowing when something will occur prepares the perceptual system to determine what has occured. The second aim will test the hypothesis that neural activity in IT is maintained not only by the visible presence of the object, but also when that object disappears momentarily from view but in a context consistent with its continued physical presence. The final aim considers whether either overt action directed toward an object, or planned action for an upcoming event, directly affect the responses of IT neurons to visual stimuli. Existing neurophysiological theories of object processing propose that cells in the temporal cortex are essential for matching acquired visual snapshots to stored representations, but they leave open the question of how these brain areas contribute to continuous visual experience. By recording from cells whose putative role is to convey information about the detailed world, it is expected that these experiments can provide essential empirical data directly addressing this issue, and in doing so, will force the consideration of theories of dynamic neural processing as opposed to traditional "snapshot" models of visual perception.

（修订摘要） 描述：神经系统如何提取我们复杂和动态世界的连贯视图尚不清楚。 目前对视觉对象识别所涉及的神经回路的理解在很大程度上基于被动动物观看静态图像时所做的生理记录。 现实世界的视觉与这些条件有很大不同，因为世界中的观察者和物体都是动态的。 此外，主动视觉是有目的的；观察者的感知可以指导行动，进而改变视觉环境。 本提案中描述的实验的目的是通过记录猴子在长时间内观察、监控复杂视觉形式并与复杂视觉形式交互时颞叶外纹视觉区域产生的神经活动来开始研究主动视觉的神经基础第一个具体目标将探讨知道某事何时发生如何让感知系统做好准备来确定已经发生的事情。第二个目标将检验这样的假设：信息技术中的神经活动不仅通过物体的可见存在来维持，而且当该物体从视野中暂时消失但在与其持续物理存在一致的环境中时也能维持。最终目标考虑针对某个物体的公开行动，或针对即将发生的事件的计划行动是否直接影响IT神经元对视觉刺激的反应。现有的物体处理神经生理学理论认为，颞叶皮层中的细胞对于将获得的视觉快照与存储的表征进行匹配至关重要，但它们留下了这些大脑区域如何促进连续视觉体验的问题。通过从假定的作用是传达有关详细世界的信息的细胞进行记录，预计这些实验可以提供直接解决这个问题的基本经验数据，并且这样做将迫使人们考虑动态神经处理理论，而不是动态神经处理理论。传统的视觉感知“快照”模型。