Dynamic Visual Activity in Temporal Cortex

颞叶皮层的动态视觉活动

• 批准号: 7210567
• 负责人: DAVID L SHEINBERG
• 金额: $ 36.83万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7210567
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Brain; Cells; Classification; Complex; Condition; Data; Discrimination; Environment; Event; Image; Investigation; Joints; Left; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Movement; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Physiological; Primates; Process; Property; Research Personnel; Role; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; Update; Vision; Visual; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visuospatial; abstracting; active vision; base; design; expectation; experience; extrastriate; extrastriate visual cortex; inferotemporal cortex; interest; neural circuit; neurophysiology; object perception; object recognition; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; theories; virtual; visual stimulus

(Revised Abstract) Description: How the nervous system extracts a coherent view of our complex and dynamic world is not well understood. Current understanding of the neural circuitry involved in visual object recognition is based in large part on physiological recordings made during passive animals looking at static images. Real world vision differs dramatically from these conditions, as both the observer and objects in the world are dynamic. Further, active vision is purposive; an observer's percepts can guide actions that may in turn alter the visual environment. The objective of the experiments described in this proposal is to begin to investigate the neural basis of active vision by recording the neural activity generated in extrastriate visual areas of the temporal lobe while monkeys observe, monitor, and interact with complex visual forms over temporally extended periods.The first specific aim will explore how knowing when something will occur prepares the perceptual system to determine what has occured. The second aim will test the hypothesis that neural activity in IT is maintained not only by the visible presence of the object, but also when that object disappears momentarily from view but in a context consistent with its continued physical presence. The final aim considers whether either overt action directed toward an object, or planned action for an upcoming event, directly affect the responses of IT neurons to visual stimuli. Existing neurophysiological theories of object processing propose that cells in the temporal cortex are essential for matching acquired visual snapshots to stored representations, but they leave open the question of how these brain areas contribute to continuous visual experience. By recording from cells whose putative role is to convey information about the detailed world, it is expected that these experiments can provide essential empirical data directly addressing this issue, and in doing so, will force the consideration of theories of dynamic neural processing as opposed to traditional "snapshot" models of visual perception.

（修订的摘要）描述：神经系统如何提取我们复杂而动态世界的连贯观点尚未得到充分理解。 当前对参与视觉对象识别的神经回路的理解很大程度上基于在看静态图像的被动动物中产生的生理记录。 现实世界的愿景与这些条件有很大不同，因为世界上的观察者和对象都是动态的。 此外，主动视力是有目的的；观察者的感知可以指导可能改变视觉环境的动作。 该提案中描述的实验的目的是通过记录颞叶外视觉区域中产生的神经活动来研究主动视力的神经基础，而猴子观察，监测和与复杂的视觉形式相互作用。在时间上长期延长时期。第一个特定的目标将探索如何在发生感知系统的情况下如何探索发生的事情来确定发生的事情。第二个目的将检验以下假设：它中的神经活动不仅是由于对象的可见存在，而且还可以维持该物体从视图中暂时消失，而且在与其持续的物理存在一致的情况下。最终目的认为是针对对象的明显动作，还是为即将发生的事件的计划行动，直接影响IT神经元对视觉刺激的反应。对象处理的现有神经生理学理论表明，颞皮层中的细胞对于将获得的视觉快照与存储的表示至关重要，但是它们为这些大脑区域如何促进连续的视觉体验留下了一个问题。通过从推定的作用是传达有关详细世界的信息的细胞中，预计这些实验可以提供直接解决此问题的基本经验数据，并且这样做将迫使人们考虑动态神经处理的理论，而不是传统的“快照”模型。