Anticipating reward & threat: A test of biobehavioral processes in MDD vs anxiety

期待奖励

基本信息

批准号：
7803558
负责人：
Stewart Aaron Shankman
金额：
$ 18.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-04-13 至 2012-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Depressive and anxiety disorders are each associated with significant impairment and disability and when they co-occur (which happens at alarmingly high rates) are especially harmful and difficult to treat. In order to develop more targeted treatments, it is essential to understand the core disease processes that underlie these two conditions as these processes may be why they co-occur so often. This study seeks to evaluate two tendencies that have been proposed to underlie depression and anxiety, respectively - low sensitivity to appetitive stimuli and high sensitivity to aversive stimuli. Depression has been associated with a reduced tendency to approach or seek out rewards or other positive stimuli (i.e., low sensitivity to appetitive). Anxiety disorders have been associated with a hyper-sensitivity to threatening or aversive stimuli. An important question, though, is whether low approach motivation is specific to depression and/or whether hyper-sensitivity to threat/aversiveness is specific to anxiety. A related question is whether these emotional tendencies are shared by depression and anxiety and relate to the high co-occurrence rates between the two conditions. The current study seeks to examine these questions by looking at behavioral and biological measures of these processes in individuals with depression, anxiety, or co-occurring depression and anxiety. Four groups of 29 individuals will participate - those with depression and anxiety, those with depression only, those with anxiety only, and a non-depressed/non-anxious control group. Each participant will undergo an assessment consisting of a clinical interview and questionnaires assessing personality and emotional/motivational tendencies. Additionally, we will examine putative biological markers for low appetitive motivation (asymmetries in EEG activity) and high sensitivity to threat/aversiveness (abnormal startle eyeblink response). The project has five specific aims - 1) Test the hypothesized association between depression and low approach motivation by comparing the EEG asymmetries of controls and depressed individuals while they anticipate the possibility of receiving a reward (money); 2) Test the hypothesized association between anxiety and high aversiveness sensitivity by comparing the startle eyeblink responses of controls and anxious individuals while they anticipate the possibility of receiving an aversive/threatening stimulus (shock); 3) Test whether low approach motivation and high aversiveness sensitivity are independent; 4) Test whether low approach motivation and high aversiveness sensitivity are specific to depression and anxiety, respectively; and 5) Test whether the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety is due (or at least relates) to processes that are common to both conditions. In sum, the proposed study has the potential to provide important information regarding the emotional and biological mechanisms that underlie depression, anxiety and their co-occurrence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Depressive and anxiety disorders are each associated with significant impairment and disability and when they co-occur (which happens at alarmingly high rates) are especially harmful and difficult to treat. In order to develop adequate treatments for these conditions, it is important to understand the processes that cause them and to examine potential abnormalities that may lead to their co-occurrence. This study will examine two emotional abnormalities/tendencies that have been related to depression and anxiety - a reduced sensitivity to pleasure and an over sensitivity to aversiveness or threat.

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁症和焦虑症各自与重大障碍和残疾相关，而当它们共发生时（以令人震惊的高率发生）特别有害且难以治疗。为了开发更多的有针对性的治疗，必须了解这两个条件的基础的核心疾病过程，因为这些过程可能是为什么它们经常同时发生的原因。这项研究旨在评估提出的两种趋势，分别是抑郁和焦虑的基础 - 对食用刺激的敏感性低，对厌恶刺激的敏感性很高。抑郁症与降低接近或寻求奖励或其他积极刺激的趋势有关（即对食欲的敏感性低）。焦虑症与威胁或厌恶刺激的过度敏感性有关。但是，一个重要的问题是，低接近动机是否特定于抑郁症和/或对威胁/厌恶性的过敏性是否特定于焦虑。一个相关的问题是，这些情绪倾向是否是通过抑郁和焦虑共享的，并且与两种疾病之间的高相处率有关。当前的研究试图通过查看抑郁症，焦虑或同时发生抑郁和焦虑的人的行为和生物学测量来研究这些问题。四组29个人将参加 - 抑郁症和焦虑的人，仅患有抑郁症的人，只有焦虑的人以及一个不抑郁/非焦虑的对照组。每个参与者将接受一项评估，包括临床访谈和评估人格和情感/动机趋势的问卷。此外，我们将检查假定的生物学标记，以了解低胃部动机（EEG活动中的不对称）和对威胁/厌恶性的高敏感性（异常的惊吓eikeblink响应）。该项目具有五个特定的目标-1）通过比较控制和沮丧的个体的脑电图不对称，同时预期获得奖励的可能性（金钱），测试抑郁和低接近动机之间的假设关联； 2）通过比较焦虑和高厌恶敏感性之间的假设关联，通过比较震惊的控制和焦虑的人的震惊反应，同时他们预计会受到厌恶/威胁性刺激的可能性（震动）； 3）测试低接近动机和高厌恶敏感性是否独立； 4）测试低接近动机和高厌恶敏感性是否分别针对抑郁和焦虑； 5）测试抑郁和焦虑的同时发生（或至少与两种情况相关的过程）是否归因（或至少相关）。总而言之，拟议的研究有可能提供有关抑郁症，焦虑及其同时发生的情感和生物学机制的重要信息。公共卫生相关性：抑郁症和焦虑症各自与重大障碍和残疾有关，而当它们同时发生时（以惊人的速度发生）特别有害且难以治疗。为了为这些疾病开发适当的治疗方法，了解引起它们的过程并检查可能导致其共发生的潜在异常。这项研究将检查与抑郁和焦虑有关的两个情绪异常/趋势 - 对愉悦的敏感性降低，对厌恶性或威胁的敏感性过高。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（22）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Agreement Between Self- and Informant-Reported Ratings of Personality Traits: The Moderating Effects of Major Depressive and/or Panic Disorder.

自我报告和知情者报告的人格特征评级之间的一致性：重度抑郁症和/或恐慌症的调节作用。

DOI：
10.1097/nmd.0000000000000448
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
The Journal of nervous and mental disease
影响因子：
0
作者：
Lieberman,Lynne;Gorka,StephanieM;Huggins,AshleyA;Katz,AndreaC;Sarapas,Casey;Shankman,StewartA
通讯作者：
Shankman,StewartA

The mediating effect of prefrontal asymmetry on the relationship between the COMT Val(158)Met SNP and trait consummatory positive affect.