SICA Study: Seroepidemiological Insight into COVID-19 transmission in Africa

SICA 研究：非洲 COVID-19 传播的血清流行病学见解

• 批准号: 10357031
• 负责人: Rhoel David Ramos Dinglasan
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-31 至 2026-08-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10357031
• 关键词: SICA; Study; Seroepidemiological; Insight; into

PROJECT SUMMARY The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in vastly different health outcomes for populations in Sub-Saharan Africa as compared to other countries with comparatively higher case numbers and deaths. The comparatively low numbers of cases and deaths reported in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Nigeria, as well as throughout sub-Saharan Africa, are likely reflective of poor healthcare infrastructure and limited testing capacity. It is also unclear how the level of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in urban vs. rural settings may influence COVID- 19 severity and the subsequent identification of cases by testing sites in both countries. Our overarching hypothesis is that prior exposure to related coronaviruses and other pathogens, which partition differentially in urban vs. rural communities, have resulted in significant cross-protective immunity or innate immune priming in the population, which leads to a reduced COVID-19 burden in these countries. We will leverage ongoing longitudinal cohort studies in urban and rural sites in the DRC and Nigeria, to support the characterization of: (i) the incidence of and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity, (ii) the current distribution and severity of respiratory/non-respiratory viral and non-viral pathogens as a cause of non-COVID-19 acute febrile illness, and (iii) role that exposure to syndemic pathogens have on COVID-19 severity. To this end, we propose to describe the incidence and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 using seroepidemiology and describe factors associated with incidence and recovery (AIM1) and the epidemiology of respiratory and non-respiratory viral or parasitic pathogens viz. acute febrile illness (AFI) during the COVID-19 pandemic (AIM2). Our long-standing relationships through community engagement activities, and direct ties to the Public Health ministries as well as the Africa Centres for Disease Control allow us to obtain and convey accurate data at local resolution. We envision that this multinational surveillance project will provide much needed insight into the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease in the DRC and Nigeria, elucidating differences in the incidence and disease outcomes across a range of urban vs. rural settings, which in turn can inform public health policy and control measures at country and regional levels.

项目概要 COVID-19 大流行给撒哈拉以南非洲地区的人们带来了截然不同的健康结果 与其他病例数和死亡人数相对较高的国家相比。相对较低的 刚果民主共和国（DRC）和尼日利亚报告的病例和死亡人数，以及 在整个撒哈拉以南非洲地区，这可能反映了医疗基础设施薄弱和检测能力有限。 目前还不清楚 SARS-CoV-2 在城市和农村环境中的传播水平如何影响新冠病毒 - 19 严重程度以及随后两国检测点对病例的识别。我们的首要任务 假设是，之前接触过相关的冠状病毒和其他病原体，这些病原体在 城市与农村社区，导致了显着的交叉保护性免疫或先天免疫启动 人口，从而减轻这些国家的 COVID-19 负担。我们将利用持续的 在刚果民主共和国和尼日利亚的城市和农村地区进行的纵向队列研究，以支持以下特征：(i) SARS-CoV-2 感染的发病率和危险因素以及 COVID-19 的严重程度，(ii) 当前的分布 呼吸道/非呼吸道病毒和非病毒病原体作为非 COVID-19 急性原因的严重程度 发热性疾病，以及 (iii) 接触流行病病原体对 COVID-19 严重程度的影响。为此，我们 提议使用血清流行病学描述 SARS-CoV-2 的发病率和流行率并描述因素 与发病率和恢复（AIM1）以及呼吸道和非呼吸道病毒或流行病学相关 寄生病原体即。 COVID-19 大流行 (AIM2) 期间的急性发热性疾病 (AFI)。我们长期以来 通过社区参与活动建立关系，并与公共卫生部门以及 非洲疾病控制中心使我们能够以当地分辨率获取和传达准确的数据。我们 预计这个多国监测项目将为了解流行病学提供急需的见解 刚果民主共和国和尼日利亚的 SARS-CoV-2 感染和 COVID-19 疾病，阐明了发病率的差异 以及一系列城市与农村环境中的疾病结果，这反过来又可以为公共卫生政策提供信息 以及国家和区域层面的控制措施。