Mosquito hydration status as a mechanism that alters pre-feeding host interactions and post-feeding physiology

蚊子的水合状态是一种改变摄食前宿主相互作用和摄食后生理机能的机制

基本信息

批准号：
10624798
负责人：
Josh B. Benoit
金额：
$ 49.71万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-12 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10624798
关键词：
Aedes Affect Area Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Biochemical Biological Biology Blood CRISPR/Cas technology Comparative Study Culex pipiens Culicidae Dehydration Desiccation Detection Development Disease Vectors Disease model Droughts Dryness Experimental Designs Exposure to Genes Goals Habitats High temperature of physical object Homeostasis Hour Humidity Hydration status Immune Immune response Immunity Individual Ingestion Insecta Metabolism Modeling Mosquito-borne infectious disease Organism Phenotype Physiological Physiology Predisposition Proteins RNA Interference Reproduction Research Role Seasons Sensory Sensory Receptors Sindbis Virus Stress Temperature Transgenic Organisms Viral Virus Water West Nile virus Yellow Fever Zika Virus carbohydrate metabolism climate variability differential expression disease transmission drinking water experimental study feeding genome editing improved knock-down mathematical model pathogen preference response sensory mechanism transmission process vector vector competence vector mosquito vector-borne viral transmission

项目摘要

Project summary Insects are extremely prone to dehydration, where individuals may succumb after exposure to only a few hours of dry conditions. Mosquitoes are highly susceptible to desiccation due to high water loss rates, especially when temperatures are high, relative humidity is low, and drinking water is lacking. Importantly, if dehydrated mosquitoes move to more humid areas, dehydration-induced phenotypes can last for many hours. Recent studies have examined mosquito development and other specific topic areas under dry season conditions, but no integrative studies have examined the role of dehydration bouts on mosquito behavior, physiology, and potential for disease transmission. For most insects, exposure to xeric periods prompts their retreat into favorable microhabitats until conditions improve, which could take hours or weeks. Our preliminary studies indicate that activity and blood feeding in mosquitoes increase by three- to four-fold following sub-lethal dehydration, but the potential mechanisms and impact of this phenotype are unknown. The focus of this proposal will be examining the effect that dehydration has on mosquito biology, specifically how desiccation stress alters general mosquito biology, host choice, host-pathogen interactions, and disease transmission. The primary study organism will be the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, a vector for West Nile virus, with comparative studies to mosquito species to Aedes aegypti. These studies are supported by 1) experimental designs that can discern the effects between only exposure to dry conditions and direct mosquito dehydration (= organismal water loss), 2) preliminary studies on CRISPR-Cas9 lines of chemosensory proteins which show altered water attraction, 3) shifts in blood feeding and diversion of blood to the crop, 4) increased retention of the bloodmeal in dehydrated mosquitoes when compared to hydrated counterparts, 5) differential expression of immune genes following a bloodmeal if mosquitoes are dehydrated before host feeding, and 6) field-based mesocosm experiments that indicate dehydrated mosquitoes are more prone to blood feeding. This study has four specific aims: Specific Aim 1. Influence of dehydration on basic biological parameters before and after blood feeding. Specific Aim 2. Examine aspects underlying behavioral modifications of mosquitoes following dehydration stress. Specific Aim 3. Impact of dehydration on viral retention and transmission. Specific Aim 4. Field-based observations and mathematical modeling of disease transmission changes due to dehydration exposure. Overall goal accomplished by the completion of these proposed studies: These proposed studies will be transformative by providing the first integrative experiments that examine the effects of dehydration bouts on the dynamics between mosquito physiology, behavior, and pathogen transmission.

项目概要昆虫极易脱水，仅接触几个小时就可能死亡的干燥条件。由于水分流失率高，蚊子非常容易脱水，尤其是当气温高时，相对湿度低，缺乏饮用水。重要的是，如果脱水蚊子会迁移到更潮湿的地区，脱水引起的表型可能会持续几个小时。最近的研究考察了旱季条件下蚊子的发育和其他特定主题领域，但是尚无综合研究探讨脱水发作对蚊子行为、生理和功能的影响。疾病传播的可能性。对于大多数昆虫来说，暴露于干旱时期会促使它们退回到有利的微生境，直到条件改善，这可能需要数小时或数周的时间。我们的初步研究表明蚊子的活动和吸血在亚致死后增加了三到四倍脱水，但这种表型的潜在机制和影响尚不清楚。本次的重点该提案将研究脱水对蚊子生物学的影响，特别是脱水对蚊子生物学的影响压力改变了蚊子的一般生物学、宿主选择、宿主与病原体的相互作用和疾病传播。这主要研究生物体将是北方家蚊（Culex pipiens），它是西尼罗河病毒的载体，蚊子种类与埃及伊蚊的比较研究。这些研究得到 1) 实验的支持可以辨别仅暴露在干燥条件下和蚊子直接脱水之间的影响的设计（= 有机体失水），2) 对化学感应蛋白 CRISPR-Cas9 系的初步研究表明改变水的吸引力，3）改变血液供给和血液向作物的转移，4）增加保留与水合蚊子相比，脱水蚊子的血粉，5) 的差异表达如果蚊子在宿主进食前脱水，则血粉后的免疫基因，以及 6) 基于现场的中宇宙实验表明脱水的蚊子更容易吸血。本研究有四个具体目标：具体目标 1. 脱水对基本生物学参数的影响输血前和输血后。具体目标 2. 检查潜在行为改变的各个方面脱水应激后的蚊子。具体目标 3. 脱水对病毒滞留和病毒滞留的影响传播。具体目标 4. 疾病传播的实地观察和数学建模由于脱水暴露而发生变化。完成这些拟议的任务就实现了总体目标研究：这些拟议的研究将通过提供第一个综合实验来实现变革检查脱水发作对蚊子生理、行为和行为之间动态的影响病原体传播。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（23）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The genome of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control.

DOI：
10.1186/s12915-021-00975-9
发表时间：
2021-03-10
期刊：
BMC biology
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Olafson PU;Aksoy S;Attardo GM;Buckmeier G;Chen X;Coates CJ;Davis M;Dykema J;Emrich SJ;Friedrich M;Holmes CJ;Ioannidis P;Jansen EN;Jennings EC;Lawson D;Martinson EO;Maslen GL;Meisel RP;Murphy TD;Nayduch D;Nelson DR;Oyen KJ;Raszick TJ;Ribeiro JMC;Robertson HM;Rosendale AJ;Sackton TB;Saelao P;Swiger SL;Sze SH;Tarone AM;Taylor DB;Warren WC;Waterhouse RM;Weirauch MT;Werren JH;Wilson RK;Zdobnov EM;Benoit JB
通讯作者：
Benoit JB

Dehydration Dynamics in Terrestrial Arthropods: From Water Sensing to Trophic Interactions.