Mosquito hydration status as a mechanism that alters pre-feeding host interactions and post-feeding physiology

蚊子的水合状态是一种改变摄食前宿主相互作用和摄食后生理机能的机制

基本信息

批准号：
10624798
负责人：
Josh B. Benoit
金额：
$ 49.71万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-12 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10624798
关键词：
Aedes Affect Area Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Biochemical Biological Biology Blood CRISPR/Cas technology Comparative Study Culex pipiens Culicidae Dehydration Desiccation Detection Development Disease Vectors Disease model Droughts Dryness Experimental Designs Exposure to Genes Goals Habitats High temperature of physical object Homeostasis Hour Humidity Hydration status Immune Immune response Immunity Individual Ingestion Insecta Metabolism Modeling Mosquito-borne infectious disease Organism Phenotype Physiological Physiology Predisposition Proteins RNA Interference Reproduction Research Role Seasons Sensory Sensory Receptors Sindbis Virus Stress Temperature Transgenic Organisms Viral Virus Water West Nile virus Yellow Fever Zika Virus carbohydrate metabolism climate variability differential expression disease transmission drinking water experimental study feeding genome editing improved knock-down mathematical model pathogen preference response sensory mechanism transmission process vector vector competence vector mosquito vector-borne viral transmission

项目摘要

Project summary Insects are extremely prone to dehydration, where individuals may succumb after exposure to only a few hours of dry conditions. Mosquitoes are highly susceptible to desiccation due to high water loss rates, especially when temperatures are high, relative humidity is low, and drinking water is lacking. Importantly, if dehydrated mosquitoes move to more humid areas, dehydration-induced phenotypes can last for many hours. Recent studies have examined mosquito development and other specific topic areas under dry season conditions, but no integrative studies have examined the role of dehydration bouts on mosquito behavior, physiology, and potential for disease transmission. For most insects, exposure to xeric periods prompts their retreat into favorable microhabitats until conditions improve, which could take hours or weeks. Our preliminary studies indicate that activity and blood feeding in mosquitoes increase by three- to four-fold following sub-lethal dehydration, but the potential mechanisms and impact of this phenotype are unknown. The focus of this proposal will be examining the effect that dehydration has on mosquito biology, specifically how desiccation stress alters general mosquito biology, host choice, host-pathogen interactions, and disease transmission. The primary study organism will be the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, a vector for West Nile virus, with comparative studies to mosquito species to Aedes aegypti. These studies are supported by 1) experimental designs that can discern the effects between only exposure to dry conditions and direct mosquito dehydration (= organismal water loss), 2) preliminary studies on CRISPR-Cas9 lines of chemosensory proteins which show altered water attraction, 3) shifts in blood feeding and diversion of blood to the crop, 4) increased retention of the bloodmeal in dehydrated mosquitoes when compared to hydrated counterparts, 5) differential expression of immune genes following a bloodmeal if mosquitoes are dehydrated before host feeding, and 6) field-based mesocosm experiments that indicate dehydrated mosquitoes are more prone to blood feeding. This study has four specific aims: Specific Aim 1. Influence of dehydration on basic biological parameters before and after blood feeding. Specific Aim 2. Examine aspects underlying behavioral modifications of mosquitoes following dehydration stress. Specific Aim 3. Impact of dehydration on viral retention and transmission. Specific Aim 4. Field-based observations and mathematical modeling of disease transmission changes due to dehydration exposure. Overall goal accomplished by the completion of these proposed studies: These proposed studies will be transformative by providing the first integrative experiments that examine the effects of dehydration bouts on the dynamics between mosquito physiology, behavior, and pathogen transmission.

项目摘要昆虫非常容易脱水，在暴露仅几个小时后，个体可能会屈服干燥条件。由于水流失率高，蚊子非常容易受到干燥的影响，尤其是当温度高时，相对湿度很低，并且缺乏饮用水。重要的是，如果脱水蚊子转移到更潮湿的区域，脱水引起的表型可以持续多个小时。最近的研究检查了蚊子的发展和其他特定主题领域，但尚无综合研究研究脱水反弹在蚊子行为，生理和疾病传播的潜力。对于大多数昆虫，暴露于Xeric时期会促使他们撤退到有利的微栖息地，直到条件改善为止，这可能需要数小时或数周。我们的初步研究表明蚊子中的活性和血液喂养在亚特拉尔后增加了三到四倍脱水，但是该表型的潜在机制和影响尚不清楚。重点提案将研究脱水对蚊子生物学的影响，特别是干燥方式压力改变了一般的蚊子生物学，宿主选择，宿主 - 病原体相互作用和疾病传播。这基本研究生物将是北部房屋蚊子，库莱克斯犬科，西尼罗河病毒的矢量对蚊子的比较研究埃及埃及。这些研究得到了1）实验的支持可以辨别仅暴露于干燥条件与直接蚊子脱水之间的影响的设计（=有机水损失），2）关于CRISPR-CAS9的化学感应蛋白的初步研究水吸引的改变，3）血液喂食和血液转移向农作物的转移，4）与水合的蚊子相比，脱水蚊子的血液含量，5）如果蚊子在宿主进食之前脱水，则在血液中后的免疫基因，6）基于野外的表明脱水蚊子的中验实验更容易受到血液喂养。这项研究具有四个具体目的：具体目的1。脱水对基本生物学参数的影响血液喂食之前和之后。特定目的2。检查行为修改的基本方面脱水应力后的蚊子。特定目的3。脱水对病毒保留和传播。特定目的4。基于现场的观测和疾病传播的数学模型由于脱水暴露而变化。通过完成这些提议实现的总体目标研究：这些提出的研究将通过提供第一个综合实验来进行变革检查脱水爆发对蚊子生理，行为和行为与动力学的影响病原体传播。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（23）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The genome of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction, host interactions, and novel targets for pest control.

DOI：
10.1186/s12915-021-00975-9
发表时间：
2021-03-10
期刊：
BMC biology
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Olafson PU;Aksoy S;Attardo GM;Buckmeier G;Chen X;Coates CJ;Davis M;Dykema J;Emrich SJ;Friedrich M;Holmes CJ;Ioannidis P;Jansen EN;Jennings EC;Lawson D;Martinson EO;Maslen GL;Meisel RP;Murphy TD;Nayduch D;Nelson DR;Oyen KJ;Raszick TJ;Ribeiro JMC;Robertson HM;Rosendale AJ;Sackton TB;Saelao P;Swiger SL;Sze SH;Tarone AM;Taylor DB;Warren WC;Waterhouse RM;Weirauch MT;Werren JH;Wilson RK;Zdobnov EM;Benoit JB
通讯作者：
Benoit JB

Dehydration Dynamics in Terrestrial Arthropods: From Water Sensing to Trophic Interactions.