How can mosquitoes develop and reproduce in the complete absence of juvenile hormone?

在完全没有保幼激素的情况下，蚊子如何发育和繁殖？

• 批准号: 10554310
• 负责人: Francisco Fernandez-Lima
• 金额: $ 14.75万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-24 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10554310
• 关键词: Acids; Address; Adult; Aedes; Affect; Area; Basic Science; Biological; Biological Metamorphosis; Biology; CRISPR/Cas technology; Chikungunya fever; Complex; Crustacea; Culicidae; Cytochrome P450; Dengue; Dengue Fever; Development; Ecosystem; Endocrine; Endocrine Disruptors; Enzymes; Event; Evolution; Experimental Models; Female; Future; Genes; Goals; Homeostasis; Hormonal; Incidence; Insect Control; Insecta; Insecticides; Invaded; Juvenile Hormones; Knowledge; Larva; Libraries; Life Cycle Stages; Malaria; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Methoprene; Modeling; Molecular; Mosquito Control; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Nutritional; Output; Ovary; Pathway interactions; Performance; Physiological; Play; Process; Proteins; Public Health; RNA Interference; Regulatory Pathway; Reproduction; Reproductive Biology; Research; Resistance; Risk; Role; Signal Transduction; Testing; Transferase; Validation; Work; ZIKA; base; chikungunya; cost; design; differential expression; epoxidase; experience; experimental study; fitness; gene network; hormonal signals; hormone analog; hormone biosynthesis; improved; innovation; life history; methyl farnesoate; molecular recognition; mosquito reproduction; mutant; novel strategies; public health relevance; receptor; reproductive; reproductive fitness; sex; transcriptome; transcriptomics; vector; vector control; zika fever

PROJECT SUMMARY Recent dramatic increases in the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases, like Malaria, Zika, Chikungunya and Dengue Fever, and the wide-spread resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides emphasizes the need for new approaches for insect control based on mosquito-specific agents. The discovery of such mosquito-specific control agents depends on continued basic research on the biology of mosquitoes. Juvenile hormone (JH), an epoxidated sesquiterpenoid, is an essential regulator of major developmental and life history events in insects. Insects and crustaceans originated from aquatic pancrustacean ancestors that invaded terrestrial ecosystems over 450 million years ago. The Methoprene-tolerant (Met) protein is the intracellular receptor for insect JHs. The ability of Met to respond to MF, the “crustacean JH”, suggests that the role of Met in sesquiterpenoid signaling precedes the evolutionary separation of the hexapoda from the crustacean lineages. To address the evolutionary and biological significance of MF epoxidation, we generated mosquitoes completely lacking either of the two enzymes that catalyze the last steps of MF/JH biosynthesis and epoxidation, the methyl transferase (JHAMT) and the P450 epoxidase CYP15 (EPOX). jhamt-/- larvae lacking both MF and JH died at the onset of metamorphosis. While epox-/- mutants, which synthesized MF but no JH completed the entire life cycle. While epox-/- adults are fertile, the reproductive performance of both sexes is dramatically reduced. Using these two lines of null mutant mosquitoes, we will investigate how in the absence of JH, MF is sufficient to complete adult development. Our hypothesis is MF is able to properly activate the gene networks that control mosquito larval development and metamorphosis. Additionally, we will investigate the reproductive fitness cost in JH null females. We expect to recognize the molecular mechanism underlying the differences in JH signaling in our three model lines (jhamt-/-, epox-/- and WT). Our two null mutant mosquito lines provide a unique opportunity to explore the role of non-epoxidated versus epoxidated JHs in the development and reproduction of insects. Completing the proposed research could lead to the identification of targets for designing new, specific and affordable strategies suitable for mosquito control.

项目摘要 蚊子传播疾病的发生率的最近急剧增加，例如疟疾，Zika，Chikungunya和登革热 发烧，蚊子对杀虫剂的广泛抵抗强调了对昆虫的新方法的需求 基于蚊子特异性药物的控制。这种蚊子特异性控制剂的发现取决于续 关于蚊子生物学的基础研究。幼年激素（JH）是一种环氧化的倍半萜，是必不可少的 昆虫主要发育和生活历史事件的调节者。昆虫和甲壳类动物起源于水生 超过4.5亿年前侵略陆地生态系统的pancrustacean祖先。方法耐受性（Met） 蛋白质是昆虫JHS的细胞内接收器。大都会回应MF的能力，即“甲壳类JH”，表明 MET在倍半萜信号中的作用先于六匹甲生核与甲壳类动物的进化分离 血统。为了解决MF环氧化的进化和生物学意义，我们完全产生了蚊子 缺少两种酶中的两种酶，它们催化了MF/JH生物合成和环氧化的最后一步，甲基 转移酶（JHAMT）和P450环氧化酶CYP15（Epox）。 jhamt-/ - 幼虫缺乏MF和JH死亡。 变态。而环氧化物 - / - 突变体合成MF但没有JH完成了整个生命周期。而环氧克斯 - / - 成人是肥沃的，两性的生殖表现大大降低。使用这两条无效突变体 蚊子，我们将研究在没有JH的情况下，MF足以完成成人发展。我们的假设 MF是否能够正确激活控制蚊子幼虫发育和变形的基因网络。 此外，我们将研究JH无效女性的生殖健身成本。我们希望识别分子 在我们的三个模型线（JHAMT - / - ，Epox - / - 和WT）中JH信号差异的机制。我们的两个空 突变的蚊子线提供了一个独特的机会，可以探索非氧化和环氧化JHS的作用 绝缘的开发和繁殖。完成拟议的研究可能会导致确定目标 设计适合蚊子控制的新的，特定和负担得起的策略。