Influence of sleep-like states on mosquito behavior and physiology

睡眠状态对蚊子行为和生理的影响

• 批准号: 10655619
• 负责人: Josh B. Benoit
• 金额: $ 22.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10655619
• 关键词: Aedes; Animals; Anopheles Genus; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Biological; Biology; Blood; Characteristics; Comparative Study; Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Darkness; Data; Development; Disease Vectors; Drosophila melanogaster; Environment; Epidemiology; Equipment; Experimental Designs; Goals; Human Activities; Immobilization; Immune; Insecta; Insecticide Resistance; Knowledge; Leg; Light; Link; Measures; Mechanics; Metabolism; Methods; Molecular; Monitor; Neurobiology; Neurons; Outcome; Output; Pattern; Phenotype; Physiological; Physiology; Planet Earth; Population; Positioning Attribute; Posture; Protocols documentation; Reproduction; Research; Rest; Role; Sensory Deprivation; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep disturbances; System; Testing; Transcript; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Vectorial capacity; Viral Vector; West Nile virus; Work; Yellow Fever; Zika Virus; behavioral phenotyping; disease transmission; feeding; fitness; fly; improved; innovation; malaria mosquito; neural; novel; pathogen; preference; prevent; reproductive; stress tolerance; success; transcriptome sequencing; transmission process; urban area; vector; vector transmission; viral transmission

Project summary Sleep is critical for nearly all animals. This state is characterized by a specific set of parameters for each species however there is a lack of sleep-based studies in mosquitoes. This should be considered a major knowledge gap in mosquito biology and potentially hinders the development of new control methods and our understanding of factors influencing vectorial capacity. Our preliminary studies suggest that there will likely be explicit factors underlying mosquito sleep, which need to be fully characterized to define this biological state in mosquitoes. The focus of the proposed work is to provide the first extensive characterization of mosquito sleep. After sleep has been defind, studies on the manipulation of sleep will discern how reduced sleep (e.g., induced by human activity in urban areas) may alter behavioral and physiological aspects of mosquitoes such as host preference, blood- feeding, reproductive output, and viral transmission. These studies are supported by the following: 1) Historic and our preliminary observations of putative sleep postures of mosquitoes, 2) Initial activity monitoring results that establish that day and night active mosquitoes sleep at higher rates during the night and day, respectively, 3) targeted studies suggesting that sleep can be prevented by mechanical disturbance that impacts subsequent host landing, 4) Preliminary data showing a reduction of spontaneous neural activity after prolonged rest, 5) Our development of novel sensory deprivation equipment that allows for mosquito observation without host interference to pinpoint differences that could be related to mosquito sleep-like states, and 6) Integrative and innovative experimental design that ranges from basic behavioral analyses to neuronal recording that will provide an encompassing view of the mosquito sleep state. This study has two specific aims: Specific Aim 1. Establishing the characteristics associated with sleep-like states in mosquitoes. Specific Aim 2. Defining shifts in mosquito fitness, behavior, and viral transmission following sleep deprivation. Upon completion of these specific aims, our expected outcomes are to have defined sleep-like states in mosquitoes and, subsequently, how sleep deprivation impacts a range of epidemiologically relevant biological aspects. This will be transformative to the research field and will set the stage for multiple lines of research. Most importantly, these studies will create a novel paradigm, where aspects of mosquito biology should be measured under two independent periods: a non-resting (no sleep) and sleep-like status. Finally, our anticipated results are likely to inform on the adaptations of mosquitoes to urban areas where host activity patterns and light/dark conditions are decoupled from day/night successions and could impact sleep, mosquito-host interactions, and potentially patterns of disease transmission.

项目摘要 睡眠对几乎所有动物至关重要。该状态的特征是每个物种的一组特定参数 但是，蚊子缺乏基于睡眠的研究。这应该被视为主要知识 蚊子生物学的差距，并有可能阻碍新的控制方法的发展和我们的理解 影响矢量能力的因素。我们的初步研究表明可能会有明确的因素 蚊子睡眠的基础，需要充分表征以在蚊子中定义这种生物状态。这 拟议工作的重点是提供蚊子睡眠的首次广泛特征。睡眠后 一直以来，对睡眠操纵的研究将辨别睡眠的减少（例如，由人类活动引起 在城市地区）可能会改变蚊子的行为和生理方面，例如宿主偏好，血液 - 进食，生殖输出和病毒传播。这些研究得到以下支持：1）历史性的 以及我们对蚊子假定睡眠姿势的初步观察，2）初始活动监测结果 这是白天和黑夜活跃的蚊子分别在白天和白天以更高的速度睡眠 3）有针对性的研究表明，可以通过影响随后的机械干扰来预防睡眠 宿主着陆，4）初步数据，显示延长休息后自发神经活动的减少，5）我们 开发新型的感官剥夺设备，允许无宿主观察蚊子 干涉可能与蚊子睡眠状态有关的精确差异，以及6）综合性和 创新的实验设计范围从基本的行为分析到神经元记录 蚊子睡眠状态的视野。这项研究有两个具体的目标： 具体目的1。建立与蚊子中类似睡眠状态相关的特征。 特定目标2。定义睡眠剥夺后蚊子适应性，行为和病毒传播的变化。 完成这些特定目标后，我们的预期结果将在 蚊子，随后，睡眠剥夺如何影响一系列流行病学相关的生物学 方面。这将是对研究领域的变革性，并将为多行研究奠定基础。最多 重要的是，这些研究将创建一个新颖的范式，应测量蚊子生物学的各个方面 在两个独立的时期：非休息（无睡眠）和类似睡眠状态的状态。最后，我们的预期结果 很可能会告知蚊子对宿主活动模式和光明/黑暗的城市地区的改编 条件与白天/晚上的连续性分离，可能会影响睡眠，蚊子 - 宿主相互作用和 潜在的疾病传播模式。