The Study of Muscle and Physical Performance in African Caribbeans.

非洲加勒比海地区肌肉和身体表现的研究。

• 批准号: 10598636
• 负责人: IVA MILJKOVIC
• 金额: $ 63.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10598636
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Admixture; Adult; Aerobic; Africa; African; African American population; African Caribbean; African ancestry; Age; Aging; Biological Assay; Black race; Body Composition; Body fat; Body measure procedure; Caribbean region; Caucasians; Clinical; Connective Tissue; Creatine; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Elderly; European; European ancestry; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Family; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genetic; Geographic Locations; Habits; Health; Health Care Costs; Healthcare; Hypertension; Immigrant; Impairment; Individual; Infiltration; Institutionalization; Insulin Resistance; Investigation; Island; Life Style; Longevity; Measures; Medical History; Metabolism; Methods; Muscle; Muscle Weakness; Muscular Atrophy; Obesity; Out-Migrations; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Physical Function; Physical Performance; Population; Population Research; Predisposition; Premature Mortality; Prevention; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Risk Factors; Skeletal Muscle; Testing; Thinness; Time; Tobago; United States National Institutes of Health; Walking; Water; Woman; age related; age-related muscle loss; aged; cohort; design; disability; epidemiology study; high risk population; improved; interest; men; mortality; muscle form; muscle strength; novel; oxidation; prevent; protective factors; recruit; reduced muscle mass; reduced muscle strength; retention rate; standard measure

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Declines in physical function with aging are an enormous clinical and public health problem that lead to increased disability, institutionalization, health care costs, lower quality of life and premature mortality. The burden of physical limitations and disability is higher in African compared with Caucasian individuals. Compounding the issue, older African Ancestry populations represent a rapidly growing segment of the population, especially outside the USA. For example, the number of individuals aged ≥60 in the Caribbean is expected to increase from 59 to 196 million by 2050. Black immigrants from the Caribbean differ from U.S. born African Americans and Black immigrants from Africa in rates of high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. These differences may be due in part to the greater Caucasian European Admixture (~25%) in African Americans compared with African Caribbeans (~6%). Yet, despite the clear scientific premise and need – there are no studies specifically designed to thoroughly examine physical function in African Caribbeans. Over the past 20 years, we have been studying a large cohort of African Caribbean men and women from Tobago in whom we have extensive measures of lifestyle habits, family and medical history, body composition, and biospecimens. We found that African Caribbeans have more lean mass (estimated muscle mass), but weaker muscle strength and higher levels of muscle fat than US adults. We have also discovered that changes in fat mass, but not lean mass, are important for future walking ability. However, many important gaps remain, and it is critical to expand measures of physical performance in this cohort. Therefore, we are proposing to address these gaps in the field by directly measuring skeletal muscle mass (d3 creatine dilution [D3Cr]) and performing deeper phenotyping of physical performance measures at each level in the disablement pathway to gain a comprehensive understanding of physical performance in this unique cohort of 1700 African Caribbeans. Aim 1 will use a wealth of existing data to test the hypothesis that both risk and protective factors more pronounced in African Caribbeans – specifically higher genetic African admixture, diabetes, and muscle fat infiltration - will be associated with changes in physical function with aging. Aims 2 and 3 will focus on new measures of body composition and physical performance that we are proposing to collect to test the hypotheses that: 1) lower muscle mass and greater muscle fat infiltration will be related to greater fatigability and worse physical performance, and 2) that poorer fat oxidation during walking will be associated with greater total fat and muscle fat, as well as greater fatigability and worse physical performance. Successful completion of these aims will provide the first direct assessment of skeletal muscle mass and comprehensive investigation of physical performance in African Caribbeans, a vastly under- studied, but rapidly growing population and lay the foundation for future investigations. These data can be harnessed in future efforts to improve, prevention, and treatment of age-related declines in physical performance.

项目摘要/摘要 衰老的身体机能下降是一个巨大的临床和公共卫生问题，导致增加 残疾，制度化，医疗保健成本，较低的生活质量和过早死亡。燃烧的 与高加索人相比，非洲的身体局限性和残疾更高。复合 问题，年长的非洲血统人群代表了人口的迅速增长，尤其是 在美国以外。例如，预计加勒比地区年龄≥60岁的个人数量将从 到2050年，59至1.6万。来自加勒比海的黑人移民不同于美国出生的非洲裔美国人和 来自非洲的黑人移民以高血压，糖尿病和肥胖症的速度率。这些差异可能是 与非洲人相比 加勒比海（约6％）。然而，尽管有明确的科学前提和需求 - 没有专门设计的研究 彻底检查非洲加勒比海的身体机能。在过去的20年中，我们一直在学习 来自多巴哥的大量非洲加勒比海男女，我们对他们进行了广泛的衡量 生活方式习惯，家庭和病史，身体组成和生物构成。我们发现非洲人 加勒比人的质量更高（估计肌肉质量），但肌肉力量较弱，水平较高 肌肉脂肪比我们成年人。我们还发现，脂肪质量但不是瘦质量的变化很重要 为了将来的步行能力。但是，仍然存在许多重要差距，并且至关重要 在这个队列中的表现。因此，我们提议通过直接测量来解决现场的这些差距 骨骼肌质量（D3肌酸稀释[D3CR]），对身体表现进行更深入的表型 残疾途径中每个级别的措施，以获得对物理的全面理解 在这一独特的1700名非洲加勒比海人群中的表现。 AIM 1将使用大量现有数据测试 假设在非洲加勒比海中更明显的风险和受保护因素 - 特别是更高 遗传非洲混合物，糖尿病和肌肉脂肪浸润 - 将与身体变化有关 衰老的功能。目标2和3将侧重于身体成分和身体表现的新措施 我们建议收集以测试：1）较低的肌肉质量和更大的肌肉脂肪 浸润将与更大的疲劳性和较差的身体性能有关，以及2）较差的脂肪氧化 在步行过程中，将与更大的总脂肪和肌肉脂肪以及更大的疲劳性和更糟糕的相关 身体表现。这些目标的成功完成将提供首次直接评估骨骼 肌肉质量和对非洲加勒比人的身体表现的全面调查，这是一个非常低的 研究了，但人口迅速增长，并为未来的调查奠定了基础。这些数据可以是 利用未来的努力来改善，预防和治疗与年龄相关的身体性能下降。