Can fidgeting lead to enhanced attention and emotional regulation in adult ADHD?

坐立不安可以增强成人多动症患者的注意力和情绪调节能力吗？

• 批准号: 10600662
• 负责人: JULIE B. SCHWEITZER
• 金额: $ 11.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-02 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10600662
• 关键词: Adult; Arousal; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Data; Devices; Emotional; Employment; Engineering; Frequencies; Future; Gestures; Goals; Grain; Home; Hyperactivity; Impairment; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Leg; Machine Learning; Measures; Motor; Movement; National Institute of Mental Health; Performance; Physiological; Population; Recommendation; Regulation; Research Personnel; Sensory; Short-Term Memory; Strategic Planning; Substance Use Disorder; Surface; System; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Traffic accidents; Translational Research; Work; base; cognitive enhancement; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive performance; cognitive reappraisal; college; computer data analysis; computer science; design; economic impact; emotion regulation; emotional functioning; improved; mood regulation; noradrenergic; pressure sensor; processing speed; prototype; randomized controlled study; response; sensor

Fidgeting is a highly common behavior, with excessive fidgeting associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Studies from our laboratory (1) and colleagues (2) suggest physical movement can enhance cognitive performance in children with ADHD. Hyper-sensorimotor behavior may be related to impaired regulation of arousal in the noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems (3). This project will assess if frequency and characteristics of sensorimotor behavior relates to cognitive and emotional response in adults with ADHD, in a fine-grained manner, unlike other studies. We will test if intrinsic fidgeting (Aim 1) and access to a specially designed fidget device (Aim 2) modulates behavioral and physiological response in cognitively and emotionally-demanding contexts. The hype of the commercially available Fidget Cube, its competitors and fidget spinners suggest it might, but there is no systematic evidence to inform consumers, a gap, we aim to fill. ADHD is a significant problem in adulthood, with estimates of 4.4% in the population (4). It is associated with higher rates of substance use disorders, traffic accidents and employment challenges and a national annual economic impact ranging from $143 to $266 billion (5). While overt hyperactivity is mostly associated with childhood, subtler, finer-grained frequent movements (e.g., leg movements, doodling, clicking objects, tapping) are highly common in adult ADHD. Little is known about the characteristics of fidgeting in adulthood or whether it can be harnessed to enhance self-regulation with the use of an external device. Our aims are as follows: Aim 1: Assess in a randomized controlled study if a) intrinsic fidgeting and b) use of a smart fidget device improves attention, working memory, processing speed and emotional regulation in adult ADHD; Aim 2: Identify specific touch characteristics associated with cognitive and emotional regulation in adult ADHD using behavioral coding and a prototype fidget ball (developed by Co-I Isbister) with embedded pressure sensors on the fidget surface transmitting real time data to a computer for data analysis; Exploratory Aim 3: Conduct a machine learning analysis of fidgeting behavior in relation to cognitive performance and emotional regulation to: 1) automate recognition of touch features present in fidgeting in adult ADHD; 2) correlate touch sequences with cognitive performance measures and; 3) recommend fidgeting strategies that should prove effective in a given situation. This project will build upon prior work by PI Schweitzer, with her expertise in ADHD, clinical translational research and cognitive neuroscience and Co-I Isbister, with expertise in computer science and engineering, who developed sensor-enabled, smart fidget devices with the goal of improving self-regulation of mood and attention (6-9); Co-I Shapiro (10) with machine learning expertise in analyzing fidgeting behavior. This project is highly responsive to NIMH Strategic Plan Objective 3 as it will inform researchers working to develop new interventions based on behavioral and physiological markers, tailored to the individual.

烦躁的行为是一种高度普遍的行为，与注意力缺陷/多动症有关 疾病（多动症）。我们实验室（1）和同事（2）的研究表明，身体运动可以增强 多动症儿童的认知表现。超发射的行为可能与受损 在去甲肾上腺素能和多巴胺能系统中唤醒的调节（3）。该项目将评估频率是否 感觉运动行为的特征与ADHD成年人的认知和情感反应有关， 与其他研究不同，以细粒度的方式。我们将测试内在的烦躁（AIM 1）并获得特殊的访问 设计的Fidget设备（AIM 2）在认知上调节行为和生理反应 情感上的环境。商业上可用的烦躁立方体的炒作，其竞争对手和 Fidget Spinners建议这样做，但是没有系统的证据可以告知消费者，差距，我们的目标是填补。 多动症是成年期的一个重大问题，估计人口为4.4％（4）。它与 较高的物质使用障碍率，交通事故和就业挑战和国家年度 经济影响从143美元到2660亿美元不等（5）。虽然明显的多动症主要与 童年时期，微妙，更细粒度的频繁运动（例如，腿部运动，涂鸦，单击对象，敲击） 在成人多动症中非常普遍。关于成年后的烦躁的特征或是否了解 可以利用使用外部设备来增强自我调节。我们的目标如下： AIM 1：在随机对照研究中评估a）固有的烦躁和b）使用智能坐立装置 改善成人多动症的注意力，工作记忆，处理速度和情绪调节；目标2： 使用使用成人多动症的认知和情感调节相关的特定触摸特征 行为编码和具有嵌入式压力传感器的原型烦躁的球（由Co-I Isbister开发） 烦躁的表面将实时数据传输到计算机以进行数据分析；探索目标3：进行 机器学习分析与认知表现和情绪调节有关的烦躁行为 至：1）自动识别成人多动症中烦躁的触摸特征； 2）关联触摸序列 采用认知绩效措施； 3）推荐烦躁的策略，这些策略应证明有效 给定情况。该项目将以Pi Schweitzer的先前工作为基础，并具有ADHD，临床方面的专业知识 翻译研究和认知神经科学和共同I iSbister，具有计算机科学专业知识和 Engineering，开发了具有传感器的智能烦躁的设备，目的是改善自我调节 情绪和注意力（6-9）； Co-I Shapiro（10）具有机器学习专业知识，以分析烦躁的行为。 该项目对NIMH战略计划目标3的反应非常敏感，因为它将告知研究人员 根据针对个人量身定制的行为和生理标记制定新的干预措施。