Effect of anticipated delay on neural response to signal of future reward

预期延迟对未来奖励信号的神经反应的影响

基本信息

批准号：
7658304
负责人：
John R Monterosso
金额：
$ 34.84万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-07-15 至 2011-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7658304
关键词：
Addictive Behavior Age Area Behavior assessment Behavioral Brain Brain imaging Brain region Cessation of life Characteristics Cigarette Smoker Clinical Cognitive Corpus striatum structure Data Decision Making Dependence Disease Drug abuse Drug usage Emotional Exhibits Expectancy Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Impulsivity Incentives Individual Intervention Knowledge Laboratories Measures Methods Nicotine Nicotine Dependence Participant Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Population Prefrontal Cortex Procedures Process Recruitment Activity Reliance Research Research Subjects Rewards Risk Factors Role Severities Signal Transduction Smoker Smoking Source Specific qualifier value Substance abuse problem Time Variant Ventral Striatum Work addiction base cigarette smoking clinically significant discount discounting drug abuser imaging probe indexing neural recruitment non-smoker novel preference public health relevance relating to nervous system response restraint therapeutic target

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A major challenge in developing treatments for drug abuse disorders, including nicotine dependence, derives from the fact that the desirable effects of drugs are immediate, and often outweigh their aversive effects, which are predominantly delayed. The decrease in preference for a reward as a function of its delay ("delay discounting") is one conceptualization of impulsivity. Delay discounting is assessed based on preference between larger-later and smaller-sooner alternatives. Numerous demonstrations of high delay discounting in drug abusers suggest that high discounting may be a risk-factor for drug abuse disorders. It is not known, however, whether abnormalities in discounting directly reflect abnormalities in valuation of delayed rewards, or rather abnormalities in decision-making processes engaged during delay-reward tradeoffs. A group of 60 cigarette smokers and another of 40 nonsmoker comparison subjects will complete a battery of behavioral assessments related to impulsivity, and will participate in two fMRI probe task. In the first task ("Choice Delay Discounting Task"), participants will choose between smaller-sooner and larger-later monetary rewards according to an established procedure in which each individual is given choices tailored to their predetermined level of delay discounting (Monterosso et al, 2007). In the second task ("Incentive Delay Task"), participants win rewards that vary in amount and delay. Previous work (Knutson et al, 2001) indicates that the increase in signal measured in the ventral striatum during anticipation of reward is related to reward size, and our pilot work indicates that the same is true with respect to reward immediacy. The two tasks will allow us to measure: 1) the direct effect of delay on valuation of rewards as indexed by responses in the ventral striatum, and 2) brain activity recruited during decision-making during delay-amount tradeoffs. We will compare data from both assessments in smokers and nonsmokers to determine the contributions of valuation and of decision-making to the abnormal delay discounting exhibited by cigarette smokers. Relevance: Substance abuse exacts an enormous toll on the public heath, with cigarette smoking contributing to >400,000 deaths per year in the US. Abnormal delay discounting appears to be an important factor. We will disassociate the roles that valuation and decision-making play in the phenomenon, and relate each to clinical characteristics of smokers, thereby identifying better informed therapeutic targets. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Cigarette smoking contributing to >400,000 deaths per year in the US, and research indicates that smoking is associated with difficulty delaying gratification. The proposed research uses brain imaging to examine the basis of smokers' deficits in delay of gratification, which can then be targeted in treatment.

描述（由申请人提供）：开发药物滥用障碍治疗（包括尼古丁依赖性）的主要挑战源于这样的事实，即药物的理想作用是立即的，并且通常超过其厌恶作用，这主要延迟了。对奖励作为其延迟的函数（“延迟打折”）的偏好减少是冲动性的概念化。根据较大供应商和小规模替代方案之间的偏好评估延迟折现。毒品滥用者的高延迟折扣的大量证明表明，高折扣可能是药物滥用障碍的风险因素。但是，折扣的异常是直接反映延迟奖励的估值异常，还是在延迟奖励权衡期间参与的决策过程中的异常。一组60个吸烟者和40个不吸烟者中的另一组将完成与冲动性相关的一系列行为评估，并将参与两个fMRI探测任务。在第一个任务（“选择延迟折现任务”）中，参与者将根据既定的货币奖励和较大的货币奖励在既定程序中进行选择，在该程序中，每个人都可以为每个人提供量身定制的选择，以量身定制其预定水平的延迟折扣水平（Monterosso等，2007）。在第二个任务（“激励延迟任务”）中，参与者赢得了奖励的数量和延迟。先前的工作（Knutson等，2001）表明，在预期奖励期间，在腹侧纹状体中测得的信号的增加与奖励规模有关，我们的飞行员工作表明，对于奖励即时性，情况也是如此。这两个任务将使我们能够衡量：1）延迟对奖励估值的直接影响，如腹侧纹状体中的反应所索引，以及2）在延迟 - 延迟交易期间决策过程中募集的大脑活动。我们将比较来自吸烟者和非吸烟者评估的数据，以确定估值和决策对吸烟者所展示的异常延迟折扣的贡献。相关性：滥用药物对公共荒地造成了巨大的损失，在美国，吸烟量造成> 40万人死亡。异常延迟打折似乎是一个重要因素。我们将分解估值和决策在该现象中发挥的作用，并将每一种都与吸烟者的临床特征联系起来，从而确定知情的治疗靶标。公共卫生相关性：美国每年吸烟少400,000人死亡，研究表明吸烟与延迟满足的困难有关。拟议的研究使用脑成像来检查吸烟者在满足延迟时缺乏的基础，然后可以针对治疗。