Brain networks for reading in stroke alexia and typical aging

中风失读症和典型衰老患者的大脑网络阅读

基本信息

批准号：
10712205
负责人：
RHONDA B FRIEDMAN
金额：
$ 39万
依托单位：
GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10712205
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Age Aging Alexia Alzheimer&apos s Disease American Anterior Architecture Area Articulation Atlases Atrophic Attention Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain Mapping Brain imaging Chronic Cognition Cognitive Compensation Craniocerebral Trauma Data Dementia Diagnosis Disease Education Elderly Free Will Frontotemporal Dementia Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Impairment Knowledge Language Left Lesion Life Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Materials Testing Measures Methods Modeling Modernization Neurocognitive Parents Pathway interactions Pattern Performance Persons Play Population Primary Progressive Aphasia Process Reading Recovery Research Design Role Sample Size Semantics Sinus Societies Speech Stroke Surface Syndrome System Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Time Variant Vision Work base brain behavior cognitive process cohort design effective therapy imaging study improved injured invention language impairment loss of function multimodal neuroimaging multimodality neural patterning neurocognitive test neuroimaging novel strategies parent grant phonology post stroke reading ability reading difficulties restoration semantic processing speech processing stroke survivor

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Our active grant, Brain Networks for Reading in Stroke Alexia and Typical Aging, is designed to examine the brain and cognitive bases of reading. This supplemental project employs the techniques already in place in the parent grant to examine the neurocognitive basis of reading decline in people with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a disorder most commonly associated with frontotemporal dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. The ability to read is fundamental to living in modern society. Loss of reading ability due to stroke, head injury, or dementia, called alexia, affects millions of Americans at any given time and causes difficulty performing many daily life functions. To improve diagnosis and treatment of alexia, we must understand the neurocognitive basis of reading. In the parent grant we are conducting a large study of both stroke alexia and typical reading in older adults, using detailed measures of reading ability and the most advanced multimodal neuroimaging methods available. Reading relies on brain networks that evolved for speech and language processes, but neurocognitive models of reading have not yet incorporated recent advances in our understanding of these networks. The parent grant proposes a new model of Reading Integrated with Speech and Semantics (RISS) that provides a more specific neurocognitive architecture for reading than prior models. The RISS model articulates the important role that semantics must play in reading. Semantic processing is hypothesized to rely heavily on activation of the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL). However, it is difficult to examine the ATL using BOLD fMRI in neurotypical adults due to its close proximity to the sinuses; and the ATL is rarely damaged by stroke. A significant advantage of studying reading in people with primary progressive aphasia is that this population includes people whose atrophy is largely focused in the anterior temporal lobe of the left hemisphere. In fact, a particular pattern of alexia, called surface alexia, has been linked to a particular variant of PPA, semantic variant PPA (svPPA). Atrophy in svPPA tends to be focused in the ATL. Yet it is important to note that patterns of alexia, including surface alexia, can be seen in all variants of PPA, with atrophy observed in other regions of the left hemisphere. Combining results from this supplement with results from the parent study, then, will provide a more global perspective of how reading is represented in the brain. The past decade has seen an increase in the number of studies designed to develop treatments for language impairments in dementia. Most of these studies target word finding impairments, and some focus on increasing fluency. Reading impairments in dementia have received little attention. By advancing our understanding of the neurocognitive basis of alexia in dementia, this project will pave the way for developing effective treatments for alexia in stroke and in dementia.

抽象的我们的积极资助，脑网络用于中风失读症和典型衰老的阅读，旨在检查该补充项目采用了现有的技术。家长拨款用于检查小学儿童阅读能力下降的神经认知基础进行性失语症 (PPA)，一种最常见与额颞叶痴呆或阿尔茨海默氏症是现代社会生活的基础。中风、头部受伤或痴呆（称为失读症）在任何特定时间和原因都会影响数百万美国人为了改善失读症的诊断和治疗，我们必须执行许多日常生活功能。了解阅读的神经认知基础在家长资助中，我们正在对两者进行大规模研究。中风失读症和老年人的典型阅读，使用阅读能力的详细测量和最可用的先进多模式神经成像方法依赖于进化的大脑网络。言语和语言过程，但阅读的神经认知模型尚未纳入最近的研究家长资助提出了一种新的阅读模式。与语音和语义 (RISS) 集成，提供更具体的神经认知架构 RISS 模型阐明了语义在阅读中必须发挥的重要作用。语义处理很大程度上依赖于左前颞叶（ATL）的激活。然而，由于 ATL 非常接近神经正常成人，因此很难使用 BOLD fMRI 检查 ATL。鼻窦；并且 ATL 很少因中风而受损，这是研究人类阅读的一个显着优势。原发性进行性失语症的一个特点是，该人群中的萎缩主要集中在以下方面：事实上，左半球前颞叶有一种特殊的失读症模式，称为表面失读症。已与 PPA 的特定变体、语义变体 PPA (svPPA) 相关。 svPPA 中的萎缩往往是。然而，值得注意的是，失读症的模式，包括表面失读症，在所有疾病中都可见。 PPA 的变体，在左半球的其他区域观察到萎缩。然后，补充家长研究的结果，将为阅读的方式提供更全面的视角在过去的十年里，旨在开发的研究数量有所增加。这些研究大多数针对痴呆症的语言障碍的治疗。一些人关注提高痴呆症的阅读障碍，但很少受到关注。该项目将为增进我们对痴呆症失读症的神经认知基础的理解铺平道路开发针对中风和痴呆症失读症的有效治疗方法。