Brain networks for reading in stroke alexia and typical aging

中风失读症和典型衰老患者的大脑网络阅读

基本信息

批准号：
10712205
负责人：
RHONDA B FRIEDMAN
金额：
$ 39万
依托单位：
GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10712205
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Age Aging Alexia Alzheimer&apos s Disease American Anterior Architecture Area Articulation Atlases Atrophic Attention Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain Mapping Brain imaging Chronic Cognition Cognitive Compensation Craniocerebral Trauma Data Dementia Diagnosis Disease Education Elderly Free Will Frontotemporal Dementia Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Impairment Knowledge Language Left Lesion Life Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Materials Testing Measures Methods Modeling Modernization Neurocognitive Parents Pathway interactions Pattern Performance Persons Play Population Primary Progressive Aphasia Process Reading Recovery Research Design Role Sample Size Semantics Sinus Societies Speech Stroke Surface Syndrome System Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Time Variant Vision Work base brain behavior cognitive process cohort design effective therapy imaging study improved injured invention language impairment loss of function multimodal neuroimaging multimodality neural patterning neurocognitive test neuroimaging novel strategies parent grant phonology post stroke reading ability reading difficulties restoration semantic processing speech processing stroke survivor

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Our active grant, Brain Networks for Reading in Stroke Alexia and Typical Aging, is designed to examine the brain and cognitive bases of reading. This supplemental project employs the techniques already in place in the parent grant to examine the neurocognitive basis of reading decline in people with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a disorder most commonly associated with frontotemporal dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. The ability to read is fundamental to living in modern society. Loss of reading ability due to stroke, head injury, or dementia, called alexia, affects millions of Americans at any given time and causes difficulty performing many daily life functions. To improve diagnosis and treatment of alexia, we must understand the neurocognitive basis of reading. In the parent grant we are conducting a large study of both stroke alexia and typical reading in older adults, using detailed measures of reading ability and the most advanced multimodal neuroimaging methods available. Reading relies on brain networks that evolved for speech and language processes, but neurocognitive models of reading have not yet incorporated recent advances in our understanding of these networks. The parent grant proposes a new model of Reading Integrated with Speech and Semantics (RISS) that provides a more specific neurocognitive architecture for reading than prior models. The RISS model articulates the important role that semantics must play in reading. Semantic processing is hypothesized to rely heavily on activation of the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL). However, it is difficult to examine the ATL using BOLD fMRI in neurotypical adults due to its close proximity to the sinuses; and the ATL is rarely damaged by stroke. A significant advantage of studying reading in people with primary progressive aphasia is that this population includes people whose atrophy is largely focused in the anterior temporal lobe of the left hemisphere. In fact, a particular pattern of alexia, called surface alexia, has been linked to a particular variant of PPA, semantic variant PPA (svPPA). Atrophy in svPPA tends to be focused in the ATL. Yet it is important to note that patterns of alexia, including surface alexia, can be seen in all variants of PPA, with atrophy observed in other regions of the left hemisphere. Combining results from this supplement with results from the parent study, then, will provide a more global perspective of how reading is represented in the brain. The past decade has seen an increase in the number of studies designed to develop treatments for language impairments in dementia. Most of these studies target word finding impairments, and some focus on increasing fluency. Reading impairments in dementia have received little attention. By advancing our understanding of the neurocognitive basis of alexia in dementia, this project will pave the way for developing effective treatments for alexia in stroke and in dementia.

抽象的我们积极的赠款，用于中风和典型衰老的阅读的大脑网络，旨在检查阅读的大脑和认知基础。这个补充项目采用已经到位的技术在父母的赠款中，以检查主要患者阅读下降的神经认知基础进行性失语症（PPA），一种与额颞痴呆或最常见的疾病阿尔茨海默氏病。阅读能力对于生活在现代社会中至关重要。阅读能力丧失在任何给定时间和原因很难执行许多日常生活功能。为了改善Alexia的诊断和治疗，我们必须了解阅读的神经认知基础。在父母赠款中，我们正在对两者进行大量研究中风Alexia和老年人的典型阅读，使用阅读能力的详细测量可用的高级多模式神经影像学方法。阅读依赖于进化的大脑网络语音和语言过程，但是阅读的神经认知模型尚未纳入最新我们对这些网络的理解发展。父母赠款提出了一种新的阅读模型与语音和语义（RISS）集成，为更具体的神经认知架构提供读数比先前的模型。 RISS模型阐明了语义在阅读中必须扮演的重要角色。假设语义处理在很大程度上依赖于左前临时叶（ATL）的激活。但是，由于其与神经典型成年人的近距离接近鼻窦； ATL很少被中风损坏。研究人的阅读的重要优势主要的渐进性失语症是，这个人群包括萎缩主要集中于萎缩的人左半球的前临时叶。实际上，一种特定的亚历克西亚模式，称为表面Alexia，已与PPA，语义变体PPA（SVPPA）的特定变体链接。 SVPPA中的萎缩往往是专注于ATL。然而，重要的是要注意，在所有人中都可以看到包括表面Alexia在内的Alexia的模式 PPA的变体，在左半球的其他区域观察到萎缩。结合了这个结果因此，对父母研究的结果补充将提供更全球的观点在大脑中表示。过去十年来，旨在发展的研究数量有所增加痴呆症语言障碍的治疗方法。这些研究中的大多数针对单词发现障碍，以及有些人专注于增加流利度。痴呆症的阅读障碍很少受到关注。经过促进我们对痴呆中亚历克西亚神经认知基础的理解，该项目将铺平道路为了开发中风和痴呆症中亚历克西亚的有效治疗方法。