Brain networks for reading in stroke alexia and typical aging

中风失读症和典型衰老患者的大脑网络阅读

• 批准号: 10502771
• 负责人: RHONDA B FRIEDMAN
• 金额: $ 66.3万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10502771
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Aging; Alexia; American; Architecture; Area; Atlases; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Categories; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Data; Databases; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Education; Elderly; Ensure; Financial compensation; Free Will; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hospitals; Image; Knowledge; Language; Language Tests; Left; Lesion; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Materials Testing; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Modernization; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences Research; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Reader; Reading; Recovery; Recovery Support; Research; Resources; Sample Size; Sampling; Semantics; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Speech; Stroke; Syndrome; System; Testing; Time; Translating; Vision; Work; acute stroke; age related; aging brain; base; brain behavior; chronic stroke; cognitive neuroscience; cohort; imaging study; improved; injured; invention; loss of function; multidisciplinary; multimodal neuroimaging; multimodality; neural patterning; neurocognitive test; neuroimaging; novel strategies; phonology; post stroke; predictive test; prospective; reading ability; reading difficulties; recruit; restoration; speech processing; stroke risk; stroke survivor; support network

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The ability to read is fundamental to living in modern society. Loss of reading ability due to stroke, called alexia, likely affects over a million Americans at any given time and causes difficulty performing many daily life functions. To improve diagnosis and treatment of alexia, we must understand the neurocognitive basis of reading deficits after stroke. However, prior small-scale studies using broad diagnostic categories and older neuroimaging methods have yielded only general lesion-behavior associations in alexia. Here, we propose the largest study to date of both alexia and typical reading in older adults, using detailed measures of reading ability and the most advanced multimodal neuroimaging methods available to test a new neurocognitive model. Reading relies on brain networks that evolved for speech and language processes, but neurocognitive models of reading have not yet incorporated recent advances in our understanding of these networks. We propose a new model of Reading Integrated with Speech and Semantics (RISS) that provides a more specific neurocognitive architecture for reading than prior models. We hypothesize that lesions of specific RISS network processors and connections account for specific reading deficit patterns after stroke, and that restoration of the injured RISS pathways or compensation in uninjured pathways underlie alexia recovery. Although brain networks for reading have been extensively mapped in typical and atypical young populations, stroke tends to occur in the aging brain and in people of low education and socioeconomic status (SES) who are too often left out of cognitive neuroscience research. Pathological patterns of reading in alexia are also observed to a lesser degree in typical readers, and age, education and SES are all known to affect reading abilities. Therefore, alexia can only be fully understood by examining how these factors relate to reading behavior and the brain in typical older adults, and referencing reading deficits to this personal context. In the first study of this project, we will collect an extensive battery of reading and language tests along with advanced multimodal MRIs in 100 older adults demographically matched to stroke survivors. We will test hypotheses based on RISS and examine how age, education, and SES relate to both behavior and the brain. We will freely disseminate all testing materials and both behavioral and imaging data to facilitate further research in this area. In the second study, we will perform the same behavioral battery in 200 chronic stroke survivors prospectively selected based on lesion attributes from a new imaging database of thousands of stroke survivors. We will model the effects of the lesions on processors and connections in RISS and test brain-behavior hypotheses using lesion-network mapping analyses. In the third study, we will collect detailed behavioral data and multimodal MRIs in 50 stroke survivors during the subacute period and again 12 months later to test hypotheses regarding mechanisms of alexia recovery based on RISS. This project will substantially advance our understanding of the neurocognitive basis of reading in both alexia and typical aging.

项目摘要/摘要 阅读能力对于生活在现代社会中至关重要。失去读数的阅读能力，称为 亚历克西亚（Alexia）在任何给定时间可能会影响超过一百万的美国人，并导致难以表演许多日常生活 功能。为了改善亚历克西亚的诊断和治疗，我们必须了解 中风后阅读缺陷。但是，先前使用广泛诊断类别和较旧的小型研究 神经影像学方法仅产生了亚历克西亚的一般病变行为关联。在这里，我们建议 迄今为止，Alexia和老年人典型阅读的最大研究，使用详细的阅读措施 能力和最先进的多模式神经影像学方法可用于测试新的神经认知模型。 阅读依赖于演变为语音和语言过程的大脑网络，但是神经认知 阅读模型尚未在我们对这些网络的理解中纳入最新进展。我们 提出了一种与语音和语义（RISS）集成的新阅读模型，该模型提供了更具体的 用于阅读的神经认知结构比先前的模型。我们假设特定RIS的病变 网络处理器和连接是中风后特定的阅读不足模式的说明， 恢复受伤的RISS途径或无损害途径中的补偿是Alexia恢复的基础。 尽管用于阅读的大脑网络已在典型和非典型的年轻人中广泛映射 人口，中风往往发生在衰老的大脑，低教育和社会经济地位的人群中 （SES）经常被认知神经科学研究所遗漏。 Alexia阅读的病理模式 在典型的读者中也观察到较小程度的观察，年龄，教育和SE都会影响 阅读能力。因此，只能通过检查这些因素如何与 在典型的老年人中阅读行为和大脑，并将阅读缺陷引用到这种个人背景下。 在该项目的首次研究中，我们将收集大量的阅读和语言测试 在100名老年人人口统计学上，与中风幸存者相匹配的高级多模式MRI。我们将测试 基于RIS的假设并检查年龄，教育和SES与行为和大脑的关系。 我们将自由传播所有测试材料以及行为和成像数据，以进一步促进 该领域的研究。在第二项研究中，我们将在200个慢性中风中执行相同的行为电池 幸存者根据新成像数据库的病变属性前瞻性选择 中风幸存者。我们将对病变对处理器和RISS的连接的影响进行建模 使用病变网络映射分析的脑行为假设。在第三项研究中，我们将收集详细的 在亚急性期间，在50个中风幸存者中的行为数据和多模式MRI和12个月 后来检验基于RIS的Alexia恢复机制的假设。这个项目将大大 促进我们对Alexia和典型衰老中阅读神经认知基础的理解。