Dynamic Neuronal Organizations in Neocortex

新皮质的动态神经元组织

• 批准号: 7175392
• 负责人: Jian-Young Wu
• 金额: $ 27.22万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-15 至 2009-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7175392
• 关键词: Area; Caliber; Cells; Cholinergic Agents; Coupled; Coupling; Data; Dyes; Electrodes; Epilepsy; Event; Fiber; Frequencies; Image; In Vitro; Individual; Infusion procedures; Left; Life; Mediating; Membrane Potentials; Monitor; Motor; N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors; Neocortex; Neurons; Optics; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Population; Process; Resolution; Sensory; Shock; Signal Transduction; Slice; Staining method; Stains; Testing; Time; Tissues; Travel; Variant; cholinergic; neocortical; nervous system disorder; research study; sensory cortex; spatiotemporal; two-dimensional; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this study is to understand the organization of population neuronal events (correlated activities of millions of neurons). This proposal studies the propagation of excitation waves (a.k.a. traveling waves) in the neo-cortex. Propagating waves occur during sensory and motor processes as well as during neurological disorders such as epilepsy. The mechanisms that control the propagating velocity and directions are important in determining what kind of activity patterns will be carried by the wave and delivered to what part of the cortex, and at what time. Very little is known about the control of the propagating direction and velocity. This is because the waves travel in a distributed neuronal network with parallel and polysynaptic pathways. This proposal will test a hypothesis that propagating waves are generated by coupled local oscillators. The phase relationship among the local oscillators determines the velocity and direction. Voltage-sensitive dye imaging will be used to visualize the propagation waves generated in vitro, in neo-cortical slices. Three Specific Aims are proposed to study the local oscillators during two kinds of "theta" (4-12 Hz) oscillations and an evoked gamma oscillation. Aim 1 consists of two experiments. One experiment will visualize the local oscillators and the boundaries between them. The other experiment will try to separate individual local oscillators with micro cuts to the cortical tissue. Aim 2 will test the hypothesis on the two-dimensional waves generated in tangential cortical slices. Aim 3 will study the neuronal-composition of an evoked gamma oscillation. The spiking activity of individual neurons will be optically monitored in an attempt to understand how the activities of individual neurons compose a population oscillation. This study will not only contribute to the understanding of normal cortical processing but also to the understanding of the initiation and spreading of epileptic seizure activity in the cortex that disrupts the life of about 1% of the U.S. population.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的长期目标是了解群体神经元事件的组织（数百万个神经元的相关活动）。该提案研究了新皮质中激励波（又称行波）的传播。传播波发生在感觉和运动过程以及癫痫等神经系统疾病期间。控制传播速度和方向的机制对于确定波将携带什么样的活动模式并在何时传递到皮层的哪个部分非常重要。对于传播方向和速度的控制知之甚少。这是因为波在具有并行和多突触通路的分布式神经元网络中传播。 该提案将测试传播波是由耦合本地振荡器产生的假设。本地振荡器之间的相位关系决定了速度和方向。电压敏感染料成像将用于可视化体外新皮质切片中产生的传播波。 提出了三个具体目标来研究两种“theta”（4-12 Hz）振荡和诱发伽马振荡期间的本地振荡器。目标 1 由两个实验组成。一项实验将可视化本地振荡器及其之间的边界。另一个实验将尝试通过对皮质组织进行微切割来分离单个本地振荡器。目标 2 将测试切向皮质切片中生成的二维波的假设。目标 3 将研究诱发伽马振荡的神经元组成。将对单个神经元的尖峰活动进行光学监测，以试图了解单个神经元的活动如何构成群体振荡。 这项研究不仅有助于了解正常的皮质处理过程，而且有助于了解皮质中癫痫发作活动的引发和传播，这种发作扰乱了约 1% 的美国人口的生活。