Spiral dynamics in the cortex during seizure and sensory evoked activity

癫痫发作和感觉诱发活动期间皮质的螺旋动力学

• 批准号: 7373379
• 负责人: Jian-Young Wu
• 金额: $ 30.22万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-02-15 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7373379
• 关键词: Area; Bicuculline; Brain; Carbachol; Cardiac; Condition; Data; Development; Dyes; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Event; Goals; Heart; Image; Incidence; Lead; Life; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Morphologic artifacts; Motor Cortex; Nature; Neocortex; Neurons; Noise; Pattern; Pattern Formation; Phase; Play; Population; Range; Rate; Rattus; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rodent; Role; Science; Seizures; Sensory; Sensory Process; Sensory Seizures; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Slice; Staining method; Stains; Stimulus; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Tissues; Vibrissae; Work; analytical method; barrel cortex; improved; in vivo; neocortical; prevent; research study; response; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this study is to understand the organization of cortical neuronal activity in sustained seizure events and in sensory processing. In this proposal, we will study a special form of population neuronal activity, namely, spiral waves. Spiral waves are a ubiquitous feature of excitable systems in nature, where they play a role in pattern formation and the organization of flow dynamics. Within biomedical science, spiral wave dynamics have been studied extensively in cardiac electrophysiology, and have greatly advanced our understanding of arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Surprisingly, however, only a few researchers have studied spiral dynamics in the brain. Following our recent discovery of spiral waves in rat neocortical slices, in this proposal, we will experimentally verify the existence of spiral waves in rodent neocortex in vivo during seizure-like events and during sensory evoked and spontaneous activity. Cortex in vivo has extensive long-range connections which are not present in brain slices. It is therefore necessary to experimentally examine the initiation and sustaining of spiral waves in intact cortex, given that strong long-range thalamocortical and corticocortical connections may disrupt the development of these spiral waves. Three Specific Aims are proposed to study wave-to-wave interactions in rat sensory and motor cortices. Aim 1 is devoted to improve voltage-sensitive dye imaging methods in order to identify phase singularities at the spiral center. Aim 2 is to examine the incidence rate of spirals during seizure-like activity in various cortical areas. Aim 3 is to investigate spiral dynamics during sensory-evoked activity and sleep-like waves. Studying spiral dynamics in the cortex will directly contribute to understanding of the initiation and sustaining of seizure activity. Spirals are known as a major contributor to arrhythmic activity in cardiac tissue, and extinguishing spirals in the heart has been a therapeutic strategy for preventing cardiac fibrillation. This project is highly relevant to the mission of the NINDS, and should contribute to the understanding of initiation and sustaining of epileptic activity in the cortex, which disturbs the life of about 1% of the US population.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的长期目标是了解持续癫痫事件和感觉处理中皮质神经元活动的组织。在本提案中，我们将研究群体神经元活动的一种特殊形式，即螺旋波。螺旋波是自然界中可激发系统的普遍特征，它们在流动动力学的模式形成和组织中发挥着作用。在生物医学领域，螺旋波动力学在心脏电生理学中得到了广泛的研究，并极大地增进了我们对心律失常机制的理解。然而，令人惊讶的是，只有少数研究人员研究了大脑中的螺旋动力学。继我们最近在大鼠新皮质切片中发现螺旋波之后，在本提案中，我们将通过实验验证在癫痫样事件以及感觉诱发和自发活动期间啮齿动物新皮质体内螺旋波的存在。体内皮层具有广泛的远程连接，而这些连接在脑切片中是不存在的。因此，有必要通过实验检查完整皮质中螺旋波的启动和维持，因为强大的远程丘脑皮质和皮质皮质连接可能会破坏这些螺旋波的发展。提出了三个具体目标来研究大鼠感觉和运动皮层中波与波的相互作用。目标 1 致力于改进电压敏感染料成像方法，以识别螺旋中心的相位奇点。目标 2 是检查不同皮质区域癫痫样活动期间螺旋的发生率。目标 3 是研究感官诱发活动和类睡眠波期间的螺旋动力学。研究皮质中的螺旋动力学将直接有助于理解癫痫发作活动的启动和持续。众所周知，螺旋是导致心脏组织心律失常活动的主要因素，消除心脏中的螺旋一直是预防心脏颤动的治疗策略。该项目与 NINDS 的使命高度相关，应有助于了解大脑皮层癫痫活动的发生和持续，这种活动扰乱了约 1% 的美国人口的生活。