Sensory Processing and Integration in Autism

自闭症的感觉处理和整合

• 批准号: 7599484
• 负责人: JOHN J FOXE
• 金额: $ 59.37万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7599484
• 关键词: 15 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Animal Model; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attenuated; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Benchmarking; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Management; Communication; Data; Development; Disease; Distant; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Exhibits; Failure; Foundations; Functional disorder; Grant; Human; Hypersensitivity; Impairment; Individual; Institutes; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Light; Literature; Maps; Measures; Metric; Modality; Modeling; Noise; Patients; Pattern; Pervasive Development Disorder; Phase; Phenotype; Population; Procedures; Process; Research; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Socialization; Source; Speech; Staging; Stream; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Touch sensation; Visual; Work; autism spectrum disorder; base; cognitive function; cohort; density; developmental disease; experience; information processing; multisensory; neuropathology; neurophysiology; object recognition; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; sensory integration; sensory system; somatosensory; sound; speech recognition; working group

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Atypical integration of multisensory inputs has been suggested as a major component of autism, with some clinical and behavior-based empirical support for this view. Where and when in the neural processing stream these sensory integration deficits occur is as yet unknown, and gaining an understanding of this will be essential in defining the neuropathology of autism. In fact, there is precious little understanding of the basic development of healthy sensory integration mechanisms in typically developing children, although recent work in animal models is beginning to shed some light. Under this project, we will use established electrophysiological metrics of multisensory integration that we have developed in our laboratory in healthy adults, to test the hypothesis that multisensory integration is impaired in autism. The high-density electrical recordings of neural activity that we record will provide a precise measure of when in the information processing stream sensory integration differs from typically developing matched controls, as well as a good model of the underlying brain processes that are affected. We expect that there are profound developmental effects on how multisensory inputs are treated and we will therefore also characterize the "normal" developmental trajectory of multisensory integration in typically developing children, using a cross-sectional approach. Specific hypotheses about when and where multisensory processes will be affected in autism are made based on the thesis that there is impoverished connectivity between distant cortical regions in this population, and our predictions are predicated on a rudimentary three-stage model of multisensory integration that we have developed in light of the extant literature. The data acquired under this project will provide a strong empirical test of deficits in multisensory integration processes in autism. Understanding how multisensory integration develops and changes over childhood will significantly inform models of multisensory integration, and provide an initial benchmark against which predictions about possible disordered multisensory integration in a host of developmental disorders can be made. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The failure of integration across the sensory modalities is thought to be a core deficit in a number of clinical populations, especially in autism spectrum disorders but also in schizophrenia. In order to understand how it is that sensory integration goes awry in such patients, we must first develop a clear understanding of how the healthy brain integrates auditory, visual and somatosensory inputs from the environment. This project sets out to delineate the developmental trajectory of the neurophysiological processes underlying multisensory processing in the human cortex in children from 6 to 15 years of age, and to test the integrity of multisensory processes in children with autism. The results will have implications both for the clinical management of individuals with autism, as well as for models of autism.

描述（由申请人提供）：已建议多膜度输入的非典型整合是自闭症的主要组成部分，并对这种观点具有一些基于临床和行为的经验支持。在神经处理流中，这些感觉整合缺陷的发生尚不清楚，并且对此进行理解对于定义自闭症的神经病理学至关重要。实际上，尽管在动物模型中最近的工作开始散发出一些光线，但对典型发展的儿童的健康感觉整合机制的基本发展几乎没有宝贵的了解。在这个项目下，我们将使用我们在健康成年人实验室中开发的多感觉整合的已建立的电生理指标，以检验以下假设：自闭症中多感官整合受到了损害。我们记录的神经活动的高密度电记录将为信息处理流中的感觉积分与通常开发匹配的控件以及受影响的基础大脑过程的良好模型提供精确度量。我们预计，对多感觉输入的处理有深远的发展影响，因此我们还将使用横截面方法来表征典型发育中的多感觉整合的“正常”发展轨迹。关于自闭症中多感官过程的何时何地的特定假设是基于以下论点，即该人群中遥远的皮质区域之间存在贫困的连通性，我们的预测是基于基本的三阶段多感官整合模型，即我们根据现存的文献已经开发出来。该项目下获得的数据将对自闭症多感官整合过程中的缺陷提供强有力的经验检验。了解多感觉整合如何发展和改变童年的变化将显着为多感觉整合的模型提供信息，并提供初始的基准，以对可能无序的多感觉整合进行大量发育障碍的预测。公共卫生相关性：在许多临床人群中，尤其是在自闭症谱系障碍和精神分裂症中，整个感觉方式的整合失败被认为是核心缺陷。为了了解这种患者的感觉整合是如何出现的，我们必须首先对健康大脑如何整合来自环境的听觉，视觉和体感的输入。该项目旨在描述6至15岁儿童的人类皮质中多感官处理的神经生理过程的发育轨迹，并测试自闭症儿童多渗透过程的完整性。结果将对自闭症患者以及自闭症模型的临床管理产生影响。