Impact of Climate Change on Life Expectancy in a Multiethnic Population

气候变化对多民族人口预期寿命的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10522422
负责人：
Iona C Cheng
金额：
$ 65.49万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2027-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10522422
关键词：
Acute Address Adult Affect African American population Age Aging Air Air Conditioning Air Pollutants Air Pollution American Area Biological Biological Process Biometry Blood California Cessation of life Climate Cohort Studies Collection Communities Coupled Cross-Sectional Studies DNA Methylation Data Diet Education Elderly Enrollment Environment Environmental Health Epidemiology Epigenetic Process Ethnic Origin European Evaluation Event Fire - disasters Geography Green space Health Health behavior Heart Diseases Heat Waves Heterogeneity Individual Intervention Investigation Japanese American Joints Knowledge Latino Life Expectancy Malignant Neoplasms Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Mental Health Methodology Methods Modification Molecular Epidemiology Morbidity - disease rate Natural Disasters Neighborhoods Obesity Participant Particulate Matter Pathway interactions Physical activity Policy Maker Population Population Heterogeneity Population Study Prospective Studies Race Recording of previous events Research Design Resources Respiratory Disease Role Sampling Scientist Smoke Smoking Social Environment Socioeconomic Status Surface Temperature Testing Update Vulnerable Populations Wildfire Woman aging population base built environment climate change climate impact climate science climate zone cohort combat comorbidity demographics epigenetic regulation epigenome-wide association studies evidence base extreme heat extreme temperature health disparity high risk population low socioeconomic status men mortality mortality risk multi-ethnic multidisciplinary physical conditioning population based public health priorities racial and ethnic racial diversity response segregation sex social socioeconomics spelling

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Climate change is a growing public health priority as extreme heat, wildfires, and other natural disasters have led to acute effects on morbidity and mortality; yet, the long-term consequences of extreme heat and wildfires have been sparsely studied. This is due in part to the paucity of studies with longitudinal information on individual- and neighborhood-level factors and fine-scale climate and wildfire data. There is an urgent need to investigate the long-term consequences of extreme heat and wildfires in well-designed studies that include a comprehensive assessment of these exposures and their independent and joint effects on life expectancy, coupled with a critical evaluation of possible mediators (air pollution) and moderators (socioeconomic status, demographics, comorbidities, health behaviors, neighborhood environments, and geography). Furthermore, the biological processes by which climate change affects mortality are not well understood. While evidence of the impact of air pollution on DNA methylation as a measure of epigenetic regulation is accumulating, studies of extreme heat and DNA methylation are sparse. Elucidation of the underlying pathways and the identification of interventions for high-risk groups are needed. To address these gaps, we will conduct a rigorous investigation of the impacts of extreme heat and wildfire smoke on adult life expectancy, leveraging the unique epidemiological resources of the Multiethnic Cohort Study, a large population-based study that includes 112,000 adult men and women from California, who were ages 45-75 at enrollment in 1993-1996 and currently ages 72-103 with strong representation of diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Specifically, we will generate and characterize extreme heat and wildfire smoke for California Multiethnic Cohort participants spanning a 24-year period (Aim 1); assess the impacts of long-term exposures of extreme heat and wildfire smoke on life expectancy (Aim 2); and DNA methylation and epigenetic age (Aim 3). The strengths of this proposal include: 1) the use of state-of-the-art exposure assessment methods to characterize extreme heat, wildfire smoke, and important criteria air pollutants; 2) a large population-based sample with detailed individual- and neighborhood-level data and sufficient power to detect modest effects that are broadly generalizable to similar sex, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic groups in the US; 3) the assessment of the role of biological pathways (DNA methylation) by which extreme heat and wildfire smoke may operate; and 4) a thorough investigation of effect modification by a variety of factors including modifiable neighborhood environments as well as the mediation of effects by air pollution. Findings from this proposal will expand our understanding of the contribution of long-term extreme heat and wildfire smoke on life expectancy. This knowledge has translational relevance in providing empirical evidence for policy makers and implementation scientists to develop strategic interventions and response plans to combat the health effects of extreme heat and wildfire smoke.

抽象的随着极端高温、野火和其他自然灾害的发生，气候变化已成为日益重要的公共卫生优先事项。对发病率和死亡率造成严重影响；然而，极端高温和野火的长期后果已被稀疏地研究。部分原因是缺乏关于以下方面的纵向信息的研究：个人和社区层面的因素以及精细气候和野火数据。迫切需要在精心设计的研究中调查极端高温和野火的长期后果，其中包括全面评估这些暴露及其对预期寿命的独立和联合影响，加上对可能的中介因素（空气污染）和调节因素（社会经济地位、人口统计、合并症、健康行为、邻里环境和地理）。此外，气候变化影响死亡率的生物过程尚不清楚。虽然有证据表明研究表明，空气污染对 DNA 甲基化（作为表观遗传调控指标）的影响正在不断累积极端高温和 DNA 甲基化的影响很少。阐明潜在途径并进行鉴定需要对高危人群进行干预。为了弥补这些差距，我们将进行严格的调查极端高温和野火烟雾对成人预期寿命的影响，利用独特的多种族队列研究的流行病学资源，这是一项以人群为基础的大型研究，包括 112,000 名来自加利福尼亚州的成年男性和女性，1993-1996 年入学时年龄为 45-75 岁，目前年龄 72-103 岁，具有不同种族/民族和社会经济群体的强烈代表性。具体来说，我们将为加州多民族队列参与者生成并描述极端高温和野火烟雾跨越 24 年（目标 1）；评估长期暴露于极端高温和野火的影响吸烟对预期寿命的影响（目标 2）； DNA 甲基化和表观遗传年龄（目标 3）。这个的优点建议包括：1）使用最先进的暴露评估方法来描述极端高温的特征，野火烟雾和重要标准空气污染物； 2）基于大量人口的样本，其中包含详细的个人信息和邻里级数据以及足够的能力来检测可广泛推广到的适度影响美国的相似性别、种族/民族和社会经济群体； 3）生物作用的评估极端高温和野火烟雾可能发挥作用的途径（DNA甲基化）； 4) 彻底的调查各种因素的影响修改，包括可修改的邻里环境以及空气污染影响的中介作用。该提案的调查结果将扩大我们的理解长期极端高温和野火烟雾对预期寿命的影响。这些知识有为决策者和实施科学家提供经验证据的转化相关性制定战略干预措施和应对计划，以应对极端高温和野火对健康的影响抽烟。